#Chronological summary

Question 1

what were the main issues facing Alexander the 2nd when he come to the throne

Answer 1

unrest over living and working conditions
discontent over the crimean war
discontent over how there was a huge class divide and how Russia was falling behind Europe.

Question 2

what were the domestic policies of Alexander the 2nd

Answer 2

package of reforms ( emancipation ukase 1861)
reforms also to = local G, education, legal system,
this resulted in more freedom and more opposition to autocracy

Question 3

What issues did Alexander the 3rd face

Answer 3

assassination of his father in 1881. had to deal with issues after emancipation like land owners and serfs as well as industrialisation

Question 4

what were Alexander the 3rds policies

Answer 4

1881- reforms taken away, statute of state security allowed more repression
Russification against nationalities
appoints Sergei Witte who makes economic reform happen

Question 5

What issues did Nicholas the 2nd face

Answer 5

did not have personal qualities to be a leader
opposition groups- kadets, SRs, SDs, Octobrists, as well as bolsheviks
failure of Russo-Japanese war/ WW1

Question 6

what domestic policies did Nicholas the 2nd have

Answer 6

Economic reform - this was again under Witte
Political reform- sets up duma in 1905 although it was very limited
Social reform-reduction in censorship and education reform, did not want to lessen autocracy.

Question 7

what were the issues of the PG

Answer 7

unelected and unrepresentative
forced into power accepting with PS
land question and WW1
Bolshevik take over

Question 8

what were the domestic policies of the PG

Answer 8

attempted to halt social unrest through measures:
police departments closed
new wave of administrators introduced
political prisoners released (trotsky)
Newspaper increased
promised to introduce constituent assembly

Question 9

what were the challenges facing Lenin

Answer 9

confront opposition
deal with Russia in ww1
had to consolidate Bolshevik power.

Question 10

Domestic policies of lenin

Answer 10

brest litovsk ended ww1
sovnarkom consolidated power.
banned opposition through cheka.
civil war and the red army sees war communism and then the NEP.

Question 11

Challenges facing Stalin

Answer 11

had to deal with legacy of Lenin. 
opposition within the parties
issues related to industry, agriculture and minorities 
1939-45 = ww2 
cold war

Question 12

policies of Stalin

Answer 12

NKVD and purges to deal with opposition
totalitarian
show trials 
agriculture was solved through dekulakisation and collectivisation
5 year plans

Question 13

Khrushchev challenges

Answer 13

wished to change image created of Russia. the cold war and space race were also an issue. living standards and agriculture were also a huge issue

Question 14

Khrushchev’s domestic policies

Answer 14

De Stalinisation
focused 5 year plans on consumer goods.
virgin land campaign
gulags made redundant however there was still repression