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KINS366 > Chronic Pain & Illness > Flashcards

Chronic Pain & Illness Flashcards

1
Q

What is pain?

A

sensory and emotional experience of discomfort, usually associated with tissue damage or irritation

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2
Q

What is the problem with pain vocabulary?

A

Pain vocabulary is largely informal and open to much interpretation, i.e. throbbing pain, shooting pain, dull ache

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3
Q

What are pain behaviors?

A

Observable manifestations of chronic pain

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4
Q

Pain is protective but does not feel protective. What does that mean?

A

Pain allows you to become consciously aware of tissue damage but is accompanied by unpleasant motivational and behavioral responses

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5
Q

What is pain perception also known as?

A

Nociception

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6
Q

What are the three types of nociception?

A
  • mechanical
  • thermal
  • polymodal
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7
Q

What are the two major types of peripheral nerve fibers?

A

-A-delta fibers-C-fibers

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8
Q

How does nociception work?

A

Nociception: making sense of injuries

  • Nociceptors in peripheral nerves first sense injury-In response, release chemical messengers that travel to spinal cord and brain
  • Brain regions (thalamus and cortex) identify the site of the injury and send messages back down spinal column
  • Leads to muscle contractions, helps block pain to specific muscle groups
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9
Q

What did D.V. Reynolds study in 1969?

A
  • SPA: Stimulation-Produced Analgesia
  • Electrical Stimulation of a rats brain Produced a high level of Analgesia
  • Rats did not feel the pain of abdominal surgery
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10
Q

When were endogenous opioid peptides discovered?

A

1972-Opioids are substances like heroin or morphine (but produced by the body) Constitute internal pain regulation system

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11
Q

What is acute pain?

A

Short term pain (<6 months)

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12
Q

What is chronic pain?

A 
Long term pain
3 types:
-Chronic benign
-Recurrent acute
-Chronic progressive
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13
Q

Pain control techniques are helpful for what kind of pain?

A

Acute

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14
Q

Why is chronic pain management complicated?

A

Chronic pain involves physiological, psychological, and behavioral factors

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15
Q

What is chronic pain syndrome?

A

Long-term pain WITH:-Associated tissue damage/irritation-Persistent pain complaints/behaviors-Disrupted ADLs-Disrupted social, marital, work, recreational-Excessive drug use or surgeries-Disrupted sleep-Increased anxiety and depression

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16
Q

What is suggested by the term pain prone personality?

A

The idea of a pain prone personality is a hypothesis that there is a personality type that predisposes a person to experience chronic pain

17
Q

What are the 8 pain management strategies

A
  • medication
  • surgery
  • counterirritation
  • relaxation
  • biofeedback
  • distraction
  • cognitive behavioral therapy
  • pain management clinics
18
Q

Explain medication and pain management

A

most common method of controlling pain through drugs; morphine has been the most popular painkiller for decades; any drug that influences neural transmission; main concern: potential for addiction (barbituates)

19
Q

Explain surgery and pain management

A

cut pain fibers at various points; effects are often short-lived; regenerative powers of nervous system; new neural pathways are created

20
Q

How are pain management clinics effective for pain management?

A
  • Initial evaluation (assessment-location, sensory qualities, severity, duration, onset, history)
  • Functional status (how has life been impaired)
  • Treatment structured and time limited (concrete aims, rules, endpoints)
  • Specific goals to achieve( accept the role of self-management is helpful in reducing pain severity and interference w/lifestyle)
21
Q

What are some components of an effective pain management plan?

A
  • Patient education (info about day-to-day mgmt.)
  • Training (exercise and relaxation training)
  • Group therapy(emotional responses)
  • Target maladaptive cognitions (intervention)
22
Q

Explain relapse prevention with pain management?

A

relapse prevention - non-adherence to pain regimens is a common problem; incidence of relapse after initial successful treatment ranges from 30-60%; related to regimen non-adherence as well as pain control technique effectiveness

23
Q

What are some of the issues in understanding and managing long term illness?

A
  • quality of life
  • denial
  • anxiety
  • depression
  • self perception
  • coping
24
Q

Who becomes a chronic pain patient?

A

ANSWER from lecture?

25
Q

Pain control can mean that a person…

A
  • No longer feels anything in an area that once hurt
  • Feels sensation but not pain
  • Feels pain but no longer concerned
  • Hurting but able to stand it
26
Q

What is pain (define)?

A

Pain is a sensory and emotional experience of discomfort, usually associated with tissue damage or irritation

27
Q

What are 3 factors that determine pain behaviors.

A
  1. Determined by meaning attached
  2. Determined by context
  3. Sociocultural factors
28
Q

Explain the medical consequence/function of pain

A
  1. Pain is critical for survival
  2. Pain has medical consequences
  3. Pain bears a psychological significance
  4. Pain is s social issue.
29
Q

What are the characteristics of A-delta fibers?

A
  • Transmit sharp, brief pain FAST
  • Mechanical or thermal pain response
  • Affects sensory aspects of pain
30
Q

What are the characteristics of C-fibers?

A
  • Transmit dull, aching pain

- Affects emotional and motivational elements of pain

31
Q

What is an example of chronic benign pain?

A

back pain

32
Q

What is an example of recurring acute pain?

A

head aches

33
Q

What is an example of chronic progressive pain?

A

arthritis

34
Q

Chronic pain cannot disrupt a persons relationships. True or False?

A

False.

A lifestyle of chronic pain can disrupt a persons life and take a toll on relationships.

35
Q

What are some relaxation techniques that can be used for pain management?

A

meditation, breathing techniques

KINS366 (7 decks)

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