Chronic Kidney Disease Facts

Question 1

chronic kidney disease associated with what systemic diseases

Answer 1

diabetes (most significant)
hypertension
systemic lupus erythematosus

Question 2

chronic kidney disease associated with what kidney diseases

Answer 2

AKI
chronic glomerulonephritis
chronic pyelonephritis
obstructive uropathies
vascular disorders

Question 3

stages of CKD

Answer 3

stage 1 - normal function - more than 90ml/min/m2
stage 2 - mild - 60-89ml/min/m2
stage 3 - moderate - 30-59ml/min/m2
stage 4 - severe - 15-29ml/min/m2
stage 5 - kidney failure - dialysis or transplant needed - less than 15ml/min/m2

Question 4

symptomatic changes result from

Answer 4

increased plasma levels of creatinine, urea, and potassium

Question 5

primary effects of azotemia/uremia

Answer 5

irritating to all body tissues
when elevated in plasma, effects everything

Question 6

cardiovascular manifestations from CKD

Answer 6

atherosclerosis
HTN
pericarditis
CHF
increased risk for ischemic disease, stroke

Question 7

respiratory manifestations from CKD

Answer 7

Kussmaul (MA)
uremic pneumonitis
pulmonary edema from Na and water retention

Question 8

hematologic manifestations from CKD

Answer 8

anemia
*reduced erythropoiesis
*uremia
1increased bleeding
2RBC life span is half of normal
3risk for clots

Question 9

dermatologic manifestations from CKD

Answer 9

skin pallor
uremic pruritus
uremic frost

Question 10

GI manifestations from CKD

Answer 10

early N&V, hiccups, anorexia
sever weight loss - malnutrition
GI ulcers - GI bleed
uremic fetor

Question 11

neurologic manifestations from CKD

Answer 11

drowsiness, poor memory
lack of concentration
seizures, coma
asterixis
*neuromuscular irritability
peripheral neuropathy

Question 12

musculoskeletal manifestations from CKD

Answer 12

renal osteodystrophy
*indirect relationship between serum phosphorus and calcium (one increases and other decreases)

Question 13

treatment of CKD

Answer 13

dietary control