Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

URN Biweekly 2 > Chronic Kidney Disease- Das > Flashcards

Chronic Kidney Disease- Das Flashcards

1
Q

pt presents w/ fatigue and lower extremity swelling; poor appetite, nausea; HA’s; bleeding
BMP: Cr 7, BUN 80; eGFR 10

A

CKD stage V and uremia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

it is manifest only as a biochemical abnormality but, eventually, loss of the excretory, metabolic and endocrine functions of the kidney leads to the clinical symptoms and signs of renal failure, collectively referred to as uremia

A

CKD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

abnormalities of kidney structure or function, present for more than 3 months, w/ implications for health

A

CKD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

albuminuria
electrolyte abnormalities
GFR<60

A

CKD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

early increases in serum creatinine leads to _____ changes in GFR

A

drastic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

stage 1 CKD (GFR)

A

> /= 90

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

kidney failure (GFR)

A

<15

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

signs and sx’s seen when the kidney has failed

A

Uremia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

once the patient begins dialysis, will receive what diagnosis

A

End Stage Renal Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the 4 main causes of kidney failure

A

Diabetic glomerulosclerosis
Hypertensive nephrosclerosis
Glomerular disease
ADPKD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the 2 main causes of chronic renal failure

A

diabetes
HTN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how to measure kidney function

A

GFR through inulin (creatinine in clinic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cr
BUN
GFR/Cr clearance
urine protein/albumin
UA

A

measure kidney function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

one of the key roles of the kidney: to filter plasma so as to excrete waste products and produce urine

A

GFR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the most accurate way to measure GFR

A

Cr clearance in the clinic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

CKD-EPI formula uses patient’s serum Cr and demographics to measure what

A

GFR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

GFR <15 and massive proteinuria=

A

worst prognosis for CKD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how can you diagnose CKD

A

Labs (blood, UA)
radiographs
renal biopsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

on renal US, someone with kidney disease compared to normal kidney will have what appearance

A

smaller cortex and glomeruli

20
Q

urinary obstruction
glomerulopathies
Myeloma Kidney
HIV nephropathy
Hep C nephropathy

A

these diseases need specific therapy

21
Q

the risk of ____ from CV event increases as kidney function declines

A

death

22
Q

avoid ____ to slow the progression of kidney disease

A

NSAIDs

23
Q

managing bp, proteinuria, diabetes, correction acidosis, smoking cessation can do what for kidney disease

A

slow the progression

24
Q

bp goal in patients >65 yrs

A

<150/90

25
Q

bp goal in general for patients with kidney disease

A

<140/80

26
Q

bp goal if patient has proteinuria

A

<120/80

27
Q

goal to treat proteinuria

A

<500 mg and <50% of baseline

28
Q

drugs to reduce proteinuria

A

ACEis/ARBs
SGLT2i

29
Q

drug that prevents reabsorption of glucose

A

SGLT2i (-glifozins)

30
Q

every pt who has kidney disease needs to be on what drugs

A

SGLT2i
ACEIs/ARBs

31
Q

diabetic who has kidney disease HbA1c goal

A

b/t 6.5-8

32
Q

what to use to correct acidosis in pt with kidney disease

A

NaHCO3-

33
Q

HCO3- above _____ slows progression of kidney disease

A

22

34
Q

if patient has volume overload in kidney disease, how to treat it

A

limit salt intake
lasix

35
Q

this complication of kidney disease is usually seen when GFR is < 20ml/min (more common in AKI though)

A

hyperkalemia

36
Q

how to treat hyperkalemia

A

low K+ diet
lasix

37
Q

this is commonly seen when GFR is <60 and kidneys lack erythropoietin production

A

anemia

38
Q

Hb goal for patient with CKD

A

10-11 mg/dl

39
Q

associated with CKD b/c PTH is working more to move Ca2+ out of bone to blood

A

mineral bone disease

40
Q

how to manage secondary hyperparathyroidism seen in pt w/ CKD

A

control phosphorus
give active vitamin D
give cinacalcet
remove parathyroid

41
Q

why does secondary hyperparathyroidism happen in pt with CKD

A

kidney unable to produce active vitamin D and there is hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia (PTH works overdrive to compensate)

42
Q

pt presents with twisted hand and perioral numbness after parathyroidectomy

A

Hungry bone syndrome

43
Q

pt has significant sx’s and all organs basically effected (result of uremic toxins in blood)

A

uremia

44
Q

pt w/ CKD with signs and sx’s needs to be referred for what

A

dialysis
transplant

45
Q

2 types of dialysis

A

hemodialysis
peritoneal dialysis

46
Q

when to refer for renal transplant

A

GFR<20 ml/min

47
Q

MoA of cinacalcet

A

decreases PTH and decreases Ca2+ in the serum

URN Biweekly 2 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions