Chronic Kidney Disease

Question 1

Which two chemicals associated in acid base homeostasis in kidneys

Answer 1

H+

Bicarbonate

Question 2

Which endocrine things does function of kidney affect

Answer 2

Erythropoetin
Vitamin D Metabolism
Renin

Question 3

How do you measure excretory renal function

Answer 3

Insulin Clearance
Isotope GFR
24 Hour Urine Collection
Blood Test

Question 4

Creatinine will not be raised above normal range in Chronic Kidney Disease until

Answer 4

60% of Total Kidney Function Lost

Question 5

What is Creatinine generated from

Answer 5

Breakdown of Muscle

Question 6

CKD Stage 1

Answer 6

Kidney Damage/Normal or High GFR >90

Question 7

CKD Stage 2

Answer 7

Kidney Damage/Mild Reduction in GFR 60-89

Question 8

CKD Stage 3a

Answer 8

Mod Impaired 45-59 GFR

Question 9

CKD Stage 3b

Answer 9

Mod Impaired 30-44 GFR

Question 10

CKD Stage 4

Answer 10

Severe Impaired 15-29 GFR

Question 11

CKD Stage 5

Answer 11

Advanced or on Dialysis <15 GFR

Question 12

How to assess for kidney disease

Answer 12

Filtration Function: Estimates of EGFR from creatinine blood test

Question 13

What crosses GBM

Answer 13

Water
Electrolytes
Urea
Creatinine

Question 14

What crosses GBM but is reabsorbed in Prox Tubule

Answer 14

Glucose

Microglobulin

Question 15

What does not cross GBM

Answer 15

Cells (RBC, WBC)
Albumin
Globulins

Question 16

When assessing filtering function should any blood or protein be measurable if urine filtering properly?

Answer 16

No

Question 17

How to protein quantify?

Answer 17

Protein creatinine ratio

Question 18

CKD Definition

Answer 18

either the presence of kidney damage (abnormal blood, urine or x-ray findings) or GFR<60 ml/min/1.73m2 that is present for ≥3 months

Question 19

Aetiology of CKD

Answer 19

Diabetes
Glomerulonephritis
Hypertension
Renovascular Disease
Polycystic Kidney Disease

Question 20

Symptoms and Signs of CKD

Answer 20

Hypertension
Breathless
Itch and Cramps
Cognitive Changes
Polyuria
Oliguria
Nocturia
Haematuria 
Proteinuria
Peripheral Oedema

Question 21

why does peripheral oedema happen

Answer 21

renal sodium retention

Question 22

How to slow rate of renal decline

Answer 22

BP Control

Control Proteinuria

Question 23

How to control Proteinuria in CKD

Answer 23

Ace Inhibitors/ARBS

Question 24

CKD Complications

Answer 24

Anaemia
Hypertension
25 (OH) Vit D Deficiency
Acidosis
Hyperphosphatemia
Hypoalbuminaemia
Hyperparathyrodism

Question 25

How to Manage Acidosis in CKD

Answer 25

Bicarb

Question 26

How to Manage Fluid Overload in CKD

Answer 26

Diuresis