Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Essential Medical Science (UoL, Medicine) > Chronic Inflammation > Flashcards

Chronic Inflammation Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What is the purpose of inflammation in general?

A

Remove cause of injury
Remove necrosis
Initiate repair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the following points characteristic of?

Slow onset
Macrophages/Lymphocytes/Plasma cells
Severe, progressive
Subtle signs

A

Chronic Inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the following points characteristic of?

Fast onset
Neutrophils
Mild, self limiting
Prominent signs

A

Acute inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the possible outcomes of acute inflammation?

A

Resolution
Suppuration
Organisation
Progression to chronic inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the dominant cells in chronic inflammation?

A

Lymphocytes
Plasma cells
Macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When does acute to chronic inflammation occur most commonly?

A

In suppurative acute inflammation

Granulation and fibrous tissue form and recurrent acute inflammations can lead to chronic conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does ‘caseating’ mean?

A

Necrosis with conversion of damaged tissue into a soft substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The macroscopic view of chronic inflammation is dependant on the disease. What are features of the microscopic view?

A

Cellular infiltrate of lymphs/plasma cells and macros
Exudation if fluid is not prominent
Production of new fibrous tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the general role of macrophages in chronic inflammation?

A

They increase inflammation and stimulate the immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the more specific role of macrophages in chronic inflammation?

A

Release cytokines which signal monocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is leucocyte extravasion?

A

Monocytes enter damaged tissue from endothelium of blood vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are some other roles of macrophages?

A

Release proteases after they decried damaged tissue
Induce cells to re-epithelialise the sound and create granulation tissue
Can hold and contain viable organisms if they cannot kill them
Produce factors that induce angiogenesis in granulation tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which cell type deposits collagen in the formation of granulation tissue?

A

Fibroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is fibrosis?

A

Formation of excess fibrous connective tissue during repair of damaged tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a fibroma?

A

The same as fibrosis but only arises from 1 cell line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a granuloma?

A

a mass of granulation tissue, typically produced in response to infection, inflammation, or the presence of a foreign substance. Primary cell type is epitheloid histiocytes

17
Q

What are two examples of granulomatous disease?

A

TB

Leprosy

18
Q

What is granulomatous inflammation?

A

Granulomatous inflammation is a cell-mediated hypersensitivity-type reaction to persistent and nondegradable microbial agents.

19
Q

What is the basic pathology of granulomatous inflammation?

A

Histiocytic giant cells form where material is indigestible to macrophages

They develop when 2 or more macrophages try to engulf the same particle

20
Q

What is the key feature required for a mass of cells to be a granuloma?

A

The presence of epitheloid histiocytes

21
Q

What is the bacterium responsible for TB?

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

22
Q

What is the bacterium responsible for Leprosy?

A

Mycobacterium leprae

23
Q

What is silicosis?

A

Occupational lung disease from inhaling silica dust

24
Q

What is sarcoidosis?

A

Granulomas form in multiple organs. Usually self limiting

25
Q

What are the following diseases examples of?

TB
Leprosy
Silicosis
Sarcoidosis

A

Granulomatous disease

26
Q

What is the mechanism of TB?

A
  1. Alveolar macrophages release cytokines to recruit more macrophages
  2. ) Dendritic cells present antigens to T cells in lymph nodes to mount a T cell response

Events 1 and 2 lead to granuloma formation for the purpose of containing infection and eliminating bacteria

3.) Granuloma contains macrophages, epithelioid cells and langerhand giant cells surrounded by T cells

Essential Medical Science (UoL, Medicine) (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions