Chronic Conditions And Models Flashcards
Define Chronic conditions?
- non-communicable condition
- chronic illness
- long term conditions
- Complex causality, with multiple factors leading to the onset
- long development period which may not have symptoms
- prolonged course of illness leading to other complications
- associated functional impairment or disability
e.g. arthritis, asthma, back pain, cardiovascular disease, COPD, Diabetes, MH
What are the top 10 chronic conditions in Australia?
- Arthritis
- Asthma
- Back pain
- Cancer
- Cardiovascular disease
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Diabetes
- Chronic kidney disease
- Mental health conditions
- Osteoporosis
Alot of these conditions are preventable and cost alot of money
Difference between Modifiable risk factors and Broad influences?
Modifiable risk factors
- behavioural factors
- biomedical factors
Broad Influences
- May or may not be modifiable
- non-modifiable
List Modifiable risk factors of chronic conditions:
Behavioural and biomedical:
Behavioural
- tabacco smoking
- excess alcohol use
- physical inactivity
- poor diet
Biomedical
- Excess weight
- High blood pressure
- high blood cholesterol
What are the broad influences of chronic conditions?
May or may not be modifiable:
- socio-economental
- psychosocial factors
- early life factors
- political factors
Non-modifiable
- age
- biological sex
- indigenous status
- ethnic background
- family history
- genetic make-up
Compare and contrast between the acute care model and the chronic care model
Acute care model
- disease- centred
- doctor centred
- focuses on individuals
- secondary care emphasis
- reactive, symptom driven
- episodic care
- cure focus
- single setting: hospital, specialist centes, general practice
- 1:1 contact through visit by pt
- diagnostic information provided
Chronic care model
- person centred
- team centred
- population health approach
- primary care emphasis
- proactive, planned intervention
- ongoing care
- prevention/management focused
- community setting, collaboration across primary and secondary care
- 1:1 group contact
- support for self management
What is Wagners chronic care model and what are the Elements?
= 6 interrelated elements with with the patient as the focus
- the community
- the health system
- Self management support
- delivery system design
- decision support
- Clinical information system
Explain the 6 elements of Wagners Chronic care model:
- the community
- Whole community focus - The health system
- organisation of health care –> the way services are coordinated and delivered
- removing barriers
- financial and non-financial incentives - Self management Support
- Life style changes
- pt involved in setting goals
- provide pt with info to support and inform so tTHEY can make decisions
- family inclusion increase positive outcomes - Delivery system design
- planning for future visits and interactions
- traditionally acute care models used - Decision making
- Health professionals requiring access to clinical experts
- evidence based literature - Clinical information system
- Critical thinking
- clinical reasoning
- clinical nursing judgement
What are the 6 principles of the ICCCF?
- Evidence-based decision making
- Population health approach
- Focus on prevention
- Emphasis on quality of care and systematic quality
- Integration
- Flexibility and adaptability
What leads to competent nursing practice?
Critical thinking reasoning judgement - together these processes lead to competent nursing practice:
- Critical thinking = cognitive processes used for analysing knowledge - Clinical reasoning = cognitive and metacognitive processes used for analysing knowledge relative to a clinical situation or specific patient - Clinical nursing judgement = cognitive, psychomotor and affective processes demonstrated through action and behaviours
