CHRISTIANITY Flashcards
Abraham
Original founder like judaism and islam
Similarities to Judaism
Share Old testament as holy text
Monotheism
Jesus was jewish, but only christianity claims jesus as divine
Jesus of Nazareth
Didnt found christianity, it began after his death
Preached to outcasts
Had own interpretation of the Torah
Choses 12 followers to match 12 tribes of israel
After trial bc of radical teachings, he was crucified
Body placed in cave and closed w stone on third day, angel rolled away stone tomb was empty
Jesus appeared to 11 disciples and told them to make disciples of all nations
Ascended to heaven 40 days after ressurection
Gods son as a mortal human and became god thru the holy spirit
Sins forgiven thru sacrifice
Will come again to judge world, start new humanity
Eucharist
Community assembles for consecration of bread and wine into the body and blood of the Lord and reception of the sacrament… Transubstantiation
Peter
One of Jesus’ disciples
Named simon but Jesus renamed peter (the rock)
“First pope” becuase of quote
“You are peter and on this rock i will build my church… I will give you the keys to the kingdom of heaven
Paul
First Saul before conversion to christianity
Used to persecute christians
After conversion became known as apostle to the gentiles bc he had a hige impact on the spread of christianity
Roman emperor constantine
Had vision on battlefield, converted to christianity, protected christians with the Edict of Milan 313
Changed look of christianity to match glory of rome
Sacraments
Baptism Eucharist Confirmation (replaces circumcision) Holy orders Marriage Penance Annointing of sick before death
Holy day
Sunday to commemorate resurrection
Origins of protestantism
16th century
Martin luther rebelled against corruption in the church, split and formed new branch
Emphasis on ministry not sacraments
Return to scripture
Anyone can read bible, clergy can be female and marry
95 theses
Apostles creed
Statement encompasses what most christians accelt as basis of religion
God is…
Good, all powerful, generally wants all to be saved, butnwill punish those who do wrong, is paying attention
Genesis
God created universe in 6 days, rested on 7th
Humans created in gods image
Adam and eve gabe into temptationand were expelled from garden of eden and all humans have original sin bc of this
Afterlife
There is an afterlife, you will be judged to determine if you go to heaven or hell
Angels
Created by god but have free will, those who rebelled against god became demons and were cast from heaven, satan is leader
Messiah
Jesus
Kingdom of god
Closeness to god
Atonement
Reconciliation between god and humanity and this relationship was repaired by jesus’ sacrifice
Sin
Am act that goes against the will of god
Repentance
Recognition of the need to be saved from sin by gods love
Grace
Gods love of humanity and a gift of salvation offered thru faith in jesus
CHRISTIANS FOCUS ON
Right belief
Laws vs morals
Focus on individual beliefs and behaviors Spirit of the law not commandments Love god and love thy neighbor Follow conscience Follow teachings of jesus
The trinity
The father the son the holy spirit
Jesus is god incarnate (avatar) and combination of human and divine characteristics
Jesus will be final truimph over sin and death in second coming
Holy spirit
Power that inspires and works thru ppl transforms them into jesus’ image
New testament
Stories pf life and deeds of jesus 27 compositions written by followers of jesus Focus on life and practice of the church 2 sections: Gospels Letters from apostles to early churches
The 4 gospels
Narritives by matthew, mark, luke and john of their memories of jesus’ saying and deeds
Liturgy
Public acts of worship
Sacrament
Religious action or symbol in which spiritual power is believed to be transmitted thru material elements or performance of ritual
Branches of christianity
Orthodox
Roman catholic
Protestant
Great schism
11 pth century, split into roman catholicism and eastern orthodoxy
Reformation
16th century, protestantism
Orthodox
Direct continuity w earliest church Rejects change Rejects popes authority Smallest branch Local clergy can marry Saint veneration thru icons
Roman catholic
Biggest branch Pope is believed to be descendent of peter Clergy is male and celibate Devotion to saints and mary Acts of penance to cleanse from sin
Protestant
1517 martin luther broke from catholic over corrupt sale of indulgences
Emphasis on ministry and preaching less on sacraments
Return to scripture
Led by ministers not priests
Just belief
People responsible for own souls and spiritual health
Plainer churches
Fewer holidays
No sain veneration
Anglican church
Formed when King Henry VII broke from roman church over right to divorce
