Christian Moral Action Flashcards
What happened in 1930?
•Bonhoeffer went to America and met with members of the Black Church
- He developed the idea that Christianity needs to build relationships between different churches without racial or geographical boundaries
What happened in 1933?
•Hitler became Chancellor of Germany and Bonhoeffer made a radio broadcast criticising Hitler and the cult of the Fuhrer
- However, his broadcast was ended half way through
What happened in 1934?
•The Confession Church was established and they published the Barmen Declaration
What is the Barmen Declaration?
•It stated that the Church should follow only Jesus, not other worldly leaders, and that the Church should offer salvation to all while remaining separate from the State
What happened in 1935?
•Bonhoeffer started to lead the seminary in Finkenwalde
What happened in 1937?
•The seminary was closed by the Gestapo and 27 people were arrested
What happened in 1938?
•Hitler declared that all German pastors had to take an oath of allegiance to himself
- Bonhoeffer deeply opposed this
What happened in 1940?
•Bonhoeffer was forbidden from speaking in public and publishing
- He joined the Abweher (German military intelligence) to use it as a way to meet with people around the world and strengthen the resistance against Hitler
What resistance plots was Bonhoeffer involved in?
•He was a conspirator in a plot to kill Hitler
What happened in 1943?
•He was arrested and sent to prison
What happened in 1945?
•He was moved to Flossenbürg concentration camp which is where he was eventually tried and hanged
What was the Church struggle of the 1930s?
•It was when the German Church wanted the Nazification of the Church while the Confessing Church wanted to distance themselves from the Nazis
What are the 4 reasons for why the Confessing Church seminaries were needed?
- The German Church was becoming more powerful and training pastors to accept Nazi ideology, which mean alternative seminaries were needed
- The German Church was not allowing non-Aryans to become pastors while the Confessing Church’s seminaries welcomed everyone
- The seminaries provided new pastors with the theological knowledge to fight against the German Church
- The seminaries allowed people to live together in a community which helped them to develop the tools to face challenging times
What does Bonhoeffer argue the Bible asks for at the very least?
•He argues it asks to “speak out for those who cannot speak”
How does the seminary at Finkenwalde support that Christians should “speak out for those who cannot speak”?
•It support in 3 ways:
1. It supports pastors in their theological knowledge
2. It helps pastors to pray, worship and encounter God
3. It trains pastors to speak out against evil things being done by the State
What does Bonhoeffer argue a community should do?
•He argues a community should “make individuals free, strong and mature”
- He emphasises that the seminary is not a place to hide but a place to prepare Christians to go out into the world and make it better
What 3 rules and traditions that were followed at Finkenwalde did Dudzus share?
- You cannot judge or talk about anyone behind their back
- Everyone has to take one long walk a day with another member
- Sundays were to be spent together worshipping followed by walks and games
- They also partook in teaching, Bible reading and prayer (with some members going out into the local community)
What did the seminary help to develop?
•Spiritual Discipline
What two important Christian teachings did Bonhoeffer believed were followed by living in a community?
- They were becoming disciples (followers of Christ)
- They were be coming “Salt and Light”
What does it mean for Christians to be “Salt and Light”?
• It means they are becoming a visible community
- This is because a little bit of salt can flavour lots of food while a little bit of light can brighten a whole room
* This means they are being seen by the whole world and calling others to follow Christ