Chpt 8 Flashcards
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual
Bill of rights
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights
1st 10 amendments
What is the difference between a law and an amendment
A law is a bill that gets passed and an amendment is a change to an existing law
How does an amendment get proposed
By 2/3 of congress or 2/3 of states
How does an amendment then get ratified
It must be ratified by 3/4 of the state legislatures
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect
Freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press and petition of the government
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own
Firearms
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Protects against unreasonable searchers and seizures without probable cause
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
5th
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
Cannot be deprived without due process of law
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
6th
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
Prevents the government from claiming that the bill of rights is the only rights Americans have
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection
Against the power of a national government
Who were the first President and Vice President in American history
George Washington and John Adams was the vice
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department
Treasury Department
War Department
State - handle relation with other nations
Treasury-deals with financial matters
War- deal with nations defense.
Who makes up the cabinet of the President
Secretary of State , secretary of treasury secretary of war amp; the attorney general
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury
Thomas Jefferson & Alexander Hamilton
What act established a federal court system
The judiciary act
What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary
They could overturn them
Who was John Jay
1st Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
What is a national debt
The amount of money that the government owed
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war
Proposed a plan that would have the federal government take care of the state debts from the war
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way
The southern states were against this plan because they owed less than the northern states & would have to pay more than their fair share to compensate
Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?
They agreed with the pan in exchange for the us capital to be moved to the south Washington DC
Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank
It fell within the intent of the constitution
What is a tariff
Tax on imported goods
What is a tariff
Tax on imported goods
What was the Whiskey Rebellion
A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal government
Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency?
Didn’t want the president to be like a king /new power
What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party
- Favored a strong federal government
- Rule by wealthy
- Loose interpretation of the constitution
What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party
1.state banks 2. State governments 3. Rule by the people. 4. Strict interpretation of the constitution
How did Washington feel about political parties
Divided people and kept the government from working together
What is favoring one side in a political decision
Partisan
Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?
Caucuses were meetings held by both parties to choose to their candidate
What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America
France seized Americans ships that carried cargo to Great Britain because America wanted to trade with Britain and they sent three agents and demanded a bribe
Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair
Were created to protect the security of the nation and slow immigration
What was the Naturalization Act?
Required aliens to live in the us for 14 years before being able to apply for a citizenship
What were the Alien Acts
Allowed president to deport aliens
What was the Sedition Act
A crime to speak or write false criticisms to try to weaken the government
What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?
1st amendment
