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120: > CHPT 7: vertebral column and rib cage > Flashcards

CHPT 7: vertebral column and rib cage Flashcards

1
Q

total number of bones in the vertebral column

A

26 bones

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2
Q

function of vertebral column

A
  • attachment site for muscles
  • transport weight of axial skeleton to appendicular skeleton of lower limbs
  • vertical support
  • help maintain the body weight
  • houses and protects spc and nerves and connect spc
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3
Q

which two bones fuse (not with each other) to form 1 bone

A
  • sacral to sacrum

- coccygeal to coccyx

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4
Q

structures within the thoracic vertebrae

A
  • spinous process
  • transverse process
  • lamina
  • pedicle
  • vertebral body
  • facet for head of rib
  • vertebral foramen
  • facet for superior articular process
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5
Q

which structure connects the lamina to the vertebral body

A

pedicle

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6
Q

which part of the thoracic vertebra is the weight baring structure

A

vertebral body

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7
Q

facet for head of rib is an attachment for

A

the below vertebra

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8
Q

vertebral foramen function

A
  • has the spc, bv, and nerves pass through.
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9
Q

which structure becomes the vertebral canal

A

vertebral foramen

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10
Q

which structure of the thoracic vertebra allows attachment for the above vertebral

A

facet of superior articular process

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11
Q

function of the spinous and transverse processes

A

attachment site of ligaments and muscles

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12
Q

does the thoracic vertebra have a transverse foramen

A

no

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13
Q

function of the lamina

A
  • separate pedicle and the vertebral arch

- separate transverse and spinous process

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14
Q

invertebrate formamen

A

-individual spinal nerves exit and innervate muscles

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15
Q

what are intervertebral discs made of

A

cartilage

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16
Q

name of C1 vertebrae

A

atlas

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17
Q

which vertebrae has no spinous process and body

A

atlas aka c1

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18
Q

what does the transverse process have in the atlas/ c1

A

transverse formamen

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19
Q

which cerebral vertebrae has a wider vertebral foramen

A

c1/ atlas

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20
Q

what cerebral vertebrae has a fork/ blind spinous process

A

c3 to c7

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21
Q

c3-c7 are

A

very similar

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22
Q

which vertebrae region has a bigger transverse Forman then thoracic

A

c1/atlas `

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23
Q

what structure on the c1/ atlas articulate with occipital condyle and firm the atlanto- occipital joint

A

superior articular facet

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24
Q

where does the skull rest on atlas/ c1?

A

lateral mass

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25
Q

axis aka

A

c2, cerebral vertebrae

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26
Q

where is the vertebrae Foramen rounded

A

axis

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27
Q

location of dens

A

on c2/ axis

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28
Q

what fits into the anterior arc of the atlas/ c1

A

dens

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29
Q

function dens

A

joins c1/ atlas and c2/axis

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30
Q

what causes whiplash?

A

dens going into the medulla

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31
Q

what surface of the c2/ axis articulates with the c1/ atlas superiorly?

A

superior articular facet

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32
Q

what does the thoracic vertebrae lack?

A

thoracic formina

33
Q

which vertebrae is larger and stronger than cervical vertebrae

A

thoracic vertebrae

34
Q

which thoracic vertebrae don’t articulate with ribs

A

T11 and T12

35
Q

in which vertebrae is the spinous process longer

A

thoracic vertebrae

36
Q

the transverse process is ___ in thoracic vertebrae

A

thicker

37
Q

size of vertebrall Formania in thoracic vertebrae

A

small

38
Q

function of the vertebrae body in thoracic vertebrae

A

part of the rib attaches here

39
Q

which vertebrae is the largest and the stronger of the unfused vertebrae

A

lumbar vertebrae

40
Q

what does the lumbar vertebrae lack

A
  • costal articular faces

- transverse formina

41
Q

which vertebrae has a smaller more oval shaped vertebral foramen

A

lumbar vertebrae

42
Q

the spinous and transverse process are ___ in lumbar vertebrae

A

thinner and smoother

43
Q

anterior muscles of the neck that move the head

A
  • strernoclediomastiod

- scalene muscles

44
Q

function of strernoclediomastiod

A

flex

45
Q

origin of strernoclediomastiod

A

manubrium and clavicle

46
Q

insertion of strernoclediomastiod

A

mastoid process of temporal and nuchal line of occipital

47
Q

what anterior muscles of the neck that move the head elevates the ribs

A
  • scalene muscles
48
Q

transverse process of ribs 2-7 is the ___ of scalene muscles

A

origin

49
Q

1rst and 2nd ribs are the ___ of scalene muscles

A

insertion

50
Q

posterior muscles of the neck that move the head elevates the ribs names

A
  • splenius cervicis
  • splenius capitis
  • erector spinae
51
Q

flow of blood through the head and neck

A

heart -> brachiocephalic -> common carotid -> external carotid and internal carotid

52
Q

what does the external carotid supply blood do?

A
  • superior thyroid
    -occipital
    -temporal
    -lingual
    -maxillary and facial arteries
    and head and neck regions
53
Q

what does the inter carotid supply blood to

A
  • head and neck region
54
Q

blood flow to the cranium

A

heart -> bracicephalic -> subclavian -> vertebral -> basilar -> cereal arteries -> communicating arteries

55
Q

location of communicating arteries

A
  • circle of willis (around pg)
56
Q

what bones make up the sternum aka breast bone

A
  • manibrium
  • body
  • xiphoid process
57
Q

which parts of the sternum articulate with the costal cartilages of ribs

A
  • manibrium

- body

58
Q

total number of ribs

A

12

59
Q

number of true ribs

A

7

60
Q

why are true ribs called true ribs

A

directly attached to the sternum

61
Q

which ribs are not directly attached to the sternum

A

8-10 aka false ribs

62
Q

total number of false ribs

A

-5

63
Q

floating ribs have

A

no attachment to sternum

-11-12

64
Q

structures of ribs

A
  • superior facet
  • inferior facet
  • facet for costal cartilage
  • tubercle, articular facet, costal angle, costal groove
65
Q

what structures merge to form ribs 1-10

A
  • tubercle, articular facet, costal angle, costal groove
66
Q

what structure of the rib articulates with costal cartilages

A

facet for costal cartilage

67
Q

superior facet of ribs articulates with

A

transverse process

68
Q

what rib structure articulates with body of the vertebrae

A

inferior facet

69
Q

function of the thoracic rib cage

A
  • provides support to upper rib bones
  • plays a role in breathing
  • has visceral organs (heart, lungs, spleen)
70
Q

diaphragm and external intercostacal muscles are

A

muscles of inspiration/ normal breathing

71
Q

accessory inspiration muscles are

A

deep breathing muscles

- scm and scalene

72
Q

diaphragm and internal intercostacal muscles are

A

muscles of expiration

73
Q

function of abdominal muscles

A
  • force air out

- accessory expiration muscles

74
Q

nerves in the cervical plexus function

A

nervous supply to thoracic region

75
Q

nerves in the cervical plexus names

A
  • ansa cervicali (ant and post roots)
  • phrenic nerve
  • segmnetla branch
76
Q

phrenic nerve innervates

A

diaphragm

77
Q

which cervical nerve innervates infrahyoid and geniohyoid muscles

A

ansa cervicali ant

78
Q

ansa cervicali post innervates

A

infrahyoid muscles

79
Q

segmental branch innervates

A
  • deep muscles of neck
  • levator scapule
  • scalene muscles

120: (15 decks)

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