chat 14: blood vessels Flashcards
1
Q
tunica internal location in bv
A
artery and vein
2
Q
endothelium location in bv
A
artery and vein
3
Q
basement membrane location in bv
A
artery and vein
4
Q
tunica medua location in bv
A
artery and vein
5
Q
smooth muscles location in bv
A
artery and vein
6
Q
tunica externa location in bv
A
artery and vein
7
Q
big lumen location in bv
A
vein
8
Q
smaller lumen location in bv
A
artery
9
Q
valves location in bv
A
vein
10
Q
thicker smooth muscles location in bv
A
artery
11
Q
Tunica internal/ intima components
A
- endothelium
- basement membrane
- basal lamina
- internal elastic lamina
12
Q
endothelium in bv function
A
innermost lining, squamous epithelium
13
Q
basement membrane function
A
-physical support for epithelial layer
14
Q
what attaches endothelium to bv?
A
basement membrane
15
Q
basement membrane structures
A
collagen fibers
16
Q
basal lamina function
A
anchors endothelium to underlining connective tissue
17
Q
internal elastic lamina function
A
-seperates t internal from t media
18
Q
internal elastic lamina structure
A
thicker in artery
thick layer of smooth muscles
19
Q
tunica media structure
A
muscular and connective tissues, elastic fibers, , thick smooth muscles
20
Q
function of tunica media
A
adjust diameter of lumen -> blood flow and bp (vasodilation and vasoconstriction)
21
Q
tunica externa structure
A
elastic and collagen fibers
22
Q
what separates t external from t media
A
external elastic lamina
23
Q
vaso vasorum
A
-vessels within vessels
24
Q
tunica external function
A
anchor vessels to surrounding tissue
25
what bv has high compliance?
arteries
26
high compliance meaning
large volume of blood ejected so it expands w/o stretching
27
what does the t media allow in arteries
increase in diameter
28
which bv has a think tunica media
elastic/ conducting artery
29
which artery is the internal and external elastic laminae well defined?
artery
30
where is elastic lamella a yellow colour?
elastic artery/ conducting artery
31
what artery does the aorta have?
elastic artery/ conducting artery
32
location of elastic artery/ conducting artery
aorta, pulmonary trunk, subclavian, common carotid, iliac carotid and brachiocephalic
33
what artery does the pulmonary trunk have?
elastic artery/ conducting artery
34
what artery does the brachiocephalic have?
elastic artery/ conducting artery
35
what artery does the subclavian have?
elastic artery/ conducting artery
36
what artery does the common carotid have?
elastic artery/ conducting artery
37
what artery does the iliac carotid have?
elastic artery/ conducting artery
38
which artery is the pressure reservoir?
elastic artery/ conducting artery
39
muscular/ distribution artery size
medium
40
muscular/ distribution artery function
take blood to systems
41
which artery has more smooth muscles?
muscular/ distribution artery
42
which artery has less elastic fibers?
muscular/ distribution artery
43
more number of smooth muscles in muscular/ distribution artery allows....?
greater vasodilation and vasoconstriction
44
which artery has a well defined internal el but a thin external el?
muscular/ distribution artery
45
vascular tone meaning
organs are partially contracted, prevents organs from collapsing
46
which artery has more vascular tone?
muscular/ distribution artery
47
which artery has a thicker t externa?
muscular/ distribution artery
48
arterioles are also known as
resistance vessels
49
how many arterioles/ resistance vessels are there?
~400 million
50
diameter of arterioles/ resistance vessels
15-30um
51
smaller diameter in arterioles/ resistance vessels means
increase resistance , and allows regulates blood flow into capillaries
52
size of t interna and elastic lamina in arterioles/ resistance vessels
thinner
53
how many layers of smooth muscles in arterioles/ resistance vessels
1-2
54
how many layers of smooth muscles muscular/ distribution artery?
40 layers
55
location of muscular/ distribution artery
-brachial
-radial
-femoral
-axillary
, arteries
56
location of metarteriole
end of arteriole
57
metarteirole structure
precapillary sphincter regulates blood flow
58
how many capillaries are there?
~20 billion
59
diamater of capillary
5-10um
60
CAPILLARY FUCNTION
exchange
61
do capillaries have t external and t media ?
non
62
capillary structure
single layer endothelium and basement membrane
63
types of capillaries
- continuous
- fenestrated
- sinusoid
64
what does the plasma membrane of endothelium cells form in continuous capillaries
continuous tubes that are interpreted by intracellular clefts
65
what is the brachial artery made of?
muscular/ distributing artery
66
what is the radial artery made of?
muscular/ distributing artery
67
what is the femoral artery made of?
muscular/ distributing artery
68
what is the axillary artery made of?
what is the radial artery made of?
69
location of continuous capillary
- CNS
- skeletal and smooth muscles
- connective tissue
- lung and skin
70
what does the plasma membrane of endothelium cells form in fenestrated capillaries ?
fenestrations aka holes (70-100nm)
71
location of fenestrated capillaries
- kidney
- villi
- choroid plexuses of ventricles
- brain
- endocrine gland
- eyes
72
WHICH capillary is the widest + most winding?
sinusoid
73
what does the plasma membrane of endothelium cells form in sinusoid capillaries
largest fenestrations / holes
74
function of sinusoid capillaries
allow large proteins and some rbc in
75
which capillary has incomplete or absent basement membrane
sinusoid
76
venules wall size
thin walls
77
venules and veins function
drain blood from capillary and take it towards the heart
78
diameter of venules
10-50um
79
structure of venule
loose intracellular junction + porous
80
can post capillary venules exchange nutrients, waste and WBC ?
yes
81
post capillary venules function
transport blood from capillaries into venule
82
muscular venules es can't
exchange with isf, cuz walls are thick
83
diameters of veins
0.5mm to 3cm
84
less smooth muscles and elastic fibers in
veins
85
which bv has the thickest t externa and the most amount of collagen fiber?
veins
86
which bv has valves?
veins
87
which bv Is the most numerous
veins
88
what bv can adapt to variations in the volume and pressure
veins
89
fetal bv + flow of blood through heart
```
umbilical vein
ductus venosus
inferior vena cava
r. atrium
l. atrial
l.ventricle
aorta
systemic circualtion
umbilical artery
placenta
```
90
placenta function
allows exchange of material b/w fetal and maternal circulation
91
umbilical cord
contains bv that branch into capillaries in placenta
92
where does o2 and co2 blood first mix?
liver
93
what vein comes after the liver
ductos venous
94
how does the blood get to the l.atria from the r. atria ?
formen ovale
95
ductos arteriosus turns into
ligament arteriosum
96
ligament venosum ___ in the fetal cardiovascular sys
ductus venous
97
foramen ovale turn into
fossa ovalis
98
umbilical arteries turn into
medial umbilical ligaments
99
round ligament of liver/ ligamentum teres ___ in the fetal cardiovascular sys
umbilical veins
100
location of sinusoid capillary
- spleen
- liver
- anterior pituitary
- parathyroid
- adrenal gland
101
which bv has the thicker tunica externa?
veins
