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CHPT 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Define Electrical Excitability

A

ability of a muscle fibre/ cell to respond to ap (muscle and nerve cell communication)

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2
Q

Contractibility

A

ability of muscular tissue to contract forceful by ap

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3
Q

Extensibility

A

ability of tissue to stretch to an extent without rupturing

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4
Q

Elasticity

A

ability of tissue to return to go length and shape after contraction

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5
Q

Belly

A

main body of muscle, connected by tendons to skeleton

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6
Q

Structures of Skeletal Muscles

A

Belly, 3 CT layers

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7
Q

Epimysium

A

dict, outer covering of entire muscle

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8
Q

Perimysium

A

covers muscle fascile

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9
Q

Endomysium

A

covers muscle fiber/cell

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10
Q

Fasicle

A

bundle of muscle

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11
Q

Deep fascia structure

A

dict

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12
Q

Deep fascia function

A
  • separate individual muscle
  • bind muscles with similar function
  • form sheath to help distribute nerves, bv, lymphatic vessels
  • fill spaces b/w muscles
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13
Q

Myofibrils

A
  • contain alternative lighter and darker bands, tiny strutter in sarcoplasm
  • contain contractile and structural proteins
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14
Q

Sarcolemma

A

plasma membrane of muscle fibre

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15
Q

Sarcoplasm

A

cytoplasm of a muscle fibre

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16
Q

T Tubules

A

fluid channels that carry ap

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17
Q

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR)

A
  • similar to ER, fluid-filled

- contains terminal cisterna

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18
Q

Cisterna

A

store and Ca2+ for muscle contraction

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19
Q

Myosin

A
  • thick filament
  • contractile protein
  • motor protein (converts chem e to mechanical e)
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20
Q

what moves during muscle contractions

A

myosin heads

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21
Q

Actin

A
  • thin filament
  • contractile protein
  • contain regulatory proteins
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22
Q

contractile protein

A

actin and myosin

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23
Q

Regulatory protein

A

troponin and tropomyosin

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24
Q

tropomyosin

A

covers myosin binding sites on actin

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25
Q

troponin

A
  • chills on actin

- moves tropomyosin during muscle contraction when Ca2+ attaches to it

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26
Q

Sarcomere

A
  • distance between z-lines

- function unit of muscle contraction since filaments don’t cover entire cell

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27
Q

H-zone

A

think filament only

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28
Q

I-zone

A
  • thin filament + z-line

- light

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29
Q

A band

A

-covers entire length of myosin

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30
Q

M-line

A

holds myosin in middle

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31
Q

Z-line

A
  • actin only

- separates sarcomeres

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32
Q

What happens to the Z-line during muscle contraction?

A

distance b/w shortens

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33
Q

What happens to the A band during muscle contraction?

A

nada, because it represents myosin and myosin doesn’t move

34
Q

what happens to the distance between the I and the h band during muscle contraction?

35
Q

what happens to the m-line during muscle contraction?

A

nothing but the z-line is a lot closer to it

36
Q

Organization within skeletal muscle

A

skeletal muscle (covered by epimysium) —–> fascicle (covered by perimysium) —-> muscle fibre/ cell (covered by endomysium) —-> myofibril (made of actin and myosin)

37
Q

How do skeletal muscles cause movement?

A

by entering force on tendons, which pulls on the bone

38
Q

Origin

A

the attachment of a muscle tendon to the stationary bone. (bone that doesn’t move)

39
Q

Insertion

A

the attachment of the muscles other tendon to the moveable bone

40
Q

Agonist/ Primary mover

A

contracts to cause an action ex.) Biceps Brachii

41
Q

Antagonist

A

stretches and yields to the effects of the prime move, opposes the action of the agonist ex.) Triceps Brachii

42
Q

Synergist

A

muscle taht assits agonist/ prime mover

43
Q

Arrangement of Fascicles

A
  • parallel
  • fusiform
  • circular
  • triangular
  • pennate: unipennate, bipennate and mulitpennate
44
Q

What type of fascicle is sternohyoid muscle?

45
Q

What is an example of a fusiform muscle?

A

Digastric muscle

46
Q

What type of fascicle is orbicular oculi muscle?

47
Q

Example of a triangular muscle?

A

Pectoralis Major

48
Q

Extensor Digtorum longus muscle

A

unipennate fascicle

49
Q

Bipennate fascicle

A

Rectus Femoris muscle

50
Q

Deltoid muscle

A

multipennate

51
Q

Shape of muscles

A

deltoid, rhomboids (triange), tricep (3 heads), bicep (2 head),

52
Q

Location of muscles

A

intercostal, pectoralis

53
Q

Attachment of muscles

A

temporalis, nasalis, zygomaticus, scm

54
Q

Size of muscles

A

maximus, longus, vastus (huge)

55
Q

Orientation of muscles

A

rectus (straight), oblique, transverse

56
Q

Relative Position of muscles

A

lateral, internal, medial, external, sub (under)

57
Q

Function/ type of movement of muscles

A

adductor, levator (lifter), flexor, extensor

58
Q

rhomboid is the

A

diamond shape of a muscle

59
Q

deltoid is the

A

triangular shape of a muscle

60
Q

trapezius is the

A

trapezoid shape of a muscle

61
Q

serratus is the

A

saw-toothed shape of a muscle

62
Q

orbicularis is the

A

circular shape of a muscle

63
Q

pectinate is the

A

comb-like shape of a muscle

64
Q

piriformis is the

A

pear shape of a muscle

65
Q

platys is the

A

flat shape of a muscle

66
Q

quadratus is the

A

square, 4 sided shape of a muscle

67
Q

gracilis is the

A

slender shape of a muscle

68
Q

rectus is the

A

straight, direction of a muscle

69
Q

transverse is the

A

horizontal direction of a muscle

70
Q

oblique is the

A

slanted direction of a muscle

71
Q

maximus is the

A

largest, size of the muscle

72
Q

minimus is the

A

smallest size of the muscle

73
Q

longus is the

A

long size of muscle

74
Q

brevius

A

small size of muscle

75
Q

latissimus

A

widest size of muscle

76
Q

longissimus

A

longest size of muscle

77
Q

magnus

A

large size of muscle

78
Q

major

A

larger size of muscle

79
Q

minor

A

smaller size of muscle

80
Q

vactus

A

huge size of muscle

120: (15 decks)

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