Chpt 11 Vocab

Question 1

The study of heredity.

Answer 1

Genetics

Question 2

a segment of DNA whose sequence of nucleotides codes for a specific functional product.

Answer 2

Gene

Question 3

a characteristic of an organism.

Answer 3

Trait

Question 4

a trait that is expressed in a heterozygous organism.

Answer 4

Dominant

Question 5

a trait whose expression is masked in a heterozygous organism.

Answer 5

Recessive

Question 6

alternate forms of a gene.

Answer 6

Allele

Question 7

having two identical alleles for a given trait. (pure-breed/true-breeding)

Answer 7

Homozygous

Question 8

(Hybrid)- having two different alleles for a given trait; a carrier.

Answer 8

Heterozygous

Question 9

the genetic makeup of an organism.

Answer 9

Genotype

Question 10

is the appearance of visible traits of an organism. (The expression of a gene.)

Answer 10

Phenotype

Question 11

when both alleles in a heterozygous organism are expressed.

Answer 11

Codominance

Question 12

are genes that have more than two allelic forms.

Answer 12

Multiple Alleles

Question 13

(Polygenic traits)- when the expression of a trait is controlled by several genes and also influenced by the environment.

Answer 13

Multifactorial Traits

Question 14

genes that are located on the same chromosome.

Answer 14

Linked Genes

Question 15

(2a) is a cell that contains both chromosomes of a homologous pair.

Answer 15

Diploid

Question 16

is a cell that has only one chromosome of each homologous pair.

Answer 16

Haploid

Question 17

during meiosis, homologous chromosomes separate into different gametes so that the two alleles for a given trait will appear in a different gamete.

Answer 17

Law of Segregation

Question 18

alleles for one characteristic behave independently of alleles for other characteristics during gamete formation.

Answer 18

Law of Independent Assortment

Question 19

“Father of genetics”. He was a monk

Answer 19

Gregor Mendel