Chpater 6 - A Day In Robert’s Life Flashcards
Money
おかね (okane)
お金
Bath
おふろ (ofuro)
お風呂
Kanji
かんじ (kanji)
漢字
Textbook
きょうかしょ (kyoukasho)
教科書
This week
こんしゅう (konshuu)
今週
CD
シーディー (shiーdiー)
Municipal hospital
しみんびょういん (shiminbyouin)
市民病院
Shower
シャワー (shawaa)
Next
つぎ (tsugi)
次
Electricity
でんき (denki)
電気
Train
でんしゃ (densha)
電車
Baggage
にもつ (nimotsu)
荷物
Personal computer
パソコン (pasokon)
Page
パージ (paaji)
Window
まど (mado)
窓口
Night
よる (yoru)
夜
Next week
らいしゅう (raishuu)
来週
Next year
らいねん (rainen)
来年
Tough (situation)
たいへん(な) (taihen(na))
大変(な)
NA-adjective
To play / To spend time (pleasantly)
あそぶ (asobu)
遊ぶ
U-verb
To hurry
いそぐ (isogu)
急ぐ
U-verb
To take a bath
おふろにはいる (ofuro ni hairu)
お風呂に入る
U-verb
To return (a thing)
かえす (kaesu)
返す
U-verb
To turn off / To erase
けす (kesu)
消す
U-verb
To die
しぬ (shinu)
死ぬ
U-verb
To sit down
すわる (suwaru)
座る
U-verb
To stand up
たつ (tatsu)
立つ
U-verb
To smoke
たばこをすう (tabako o suu)
たばこを吸う
U-verb
To use
つかう (tsukau)
使う
U-verb
To help
てつだう(tetsudau)
手伝う
U-verb
To enter
はいる (hairu)
入る
U-verb
To carry / To hold
もつ (motsu)
持つ
U-verb
To be absent / To rest
やすむ (yasumu)
休む
U-verb
To open (something)
あける (akeru)
開ける
RU-verb
To teach / To instruct
おしえる (oshieru)
教える
RU-verb
To get off
おりる (oriru)
降りる
RU-verb
To borrow
かりる (kariru)
借りる
RU-verb
To close (something)
しめる (shimeru)
閉める
RU-verb
To take a shower
シャワーをあびる (shawaa o abiru)
シャワーを浴びる
RU-verb
To turn on
つける (tsukeru)
RU-verb
To make a phone call
でんわをかける (denwa o kakeru)
電話をかける
RU-verb
To forget /To leave behind
わすれる (wasureru)
忘れる
RU-verb
To bring (a person)
つれてくる (tsuretekuru)
連れてくる
Irregular verb
To bring (a thing)
もってくる (mottekuru)
持ってくる
Irregular verb
Later on
あとで (atode)
後で
(Do something) late
おそく (osoku)
遅く
Because
から (kara)
That would be fine / That wouldn’t be necessary
けっこうです (kekkou desu)
結構です
Right away
すぐ (sugu)
Really
ほんとうですか (hontou desu ka)
本当ですか
Slowly / Leisurely / Unhurriedly
ゆっくり (yukkuri)
When do you use the “te”-form of verb conjugation?
1) making requests (… please)
2) giving and asking for permission (You may … / May I …)
3) stating that something is forbidden (You must not …)
4) forming a sentence that describes 2 events or activities (I did … and did …)
How to conjugate a RU-verb in the te-form?
Drop the る(ru) and Add て (te)
What are the 6 groups of U-verbs for te-form conjugation?
1) u-verbs that end in う(u), つ(tsu), る(ru)
2) u-verbs that end in む(mu), ぶ(bu), ぬ(nu)
3) u-verbs that end in く(ku)
4) 行く(iku)
5) u-verbs that end in ぐ(gu)
6) u-verbs that end in す(su)
How to conjugate a U-verb ending with う(u), つ(tsu), る(ru) in the te-form?
Drop the う(u), つ(tsu), る(ru) and Add って (tte)
How to conjugate a U-verb ending in む(mu), ぶ(bu), ぬ(nu) in the te-form?
Drop the む(mu), ぶ(bu), ぬ(nu) and Add the んで(nde)
How to conjugate a U-verb ending in く(ku) in the te-form?
Drop the く(ku) and Add いて(ite)
How to conjugate the verb “to go” 行く(iku) in the te-form?
Drop the く(ku) and Add って(tte)
—> 行く(iku) becomes 行って(itte)
How to conjugate a U-verb ending in ぐ(gu) in the te-form?
Drop the ぐ(gu) and Add いで(ide)
How to conjugate a U-verb ending in す(su) in the te-form?
Drop the す(su) and Add して(shite)
How to conjugate the irregular verb する(suru) in the te-form?
する(suru) becomes して(shite)
How to conjugate the irregular verb くる(kuru) in the te-form?
くる(kuru) becomes きて(kite)
How do you make a polite request to another person “please … for me”?
Verb in て(te) form, then ください(kudasai)
Ex. 読んでください = Please read
How do you make a request to a very close friend or family member without ください “… will you?”
Verb in て(te) form only
Ex. 窓を開けて = Open the window, will you?
How do you ask for or give permission “may I …” or “you may …”?
To ask for permission:
Verb in て(te) form, then もいいですか(moiidesuka)
To give permission:
Verb in て form, then もいいです (moiidesu)
To respond to a request for permission,
いいです(iidesu) OR
どうぞ(douzo) OR
Verb in て(te) form, then もいいです(moiidesu) OR
Verb in て(te) form, then いいです(iidesu) (for casual speech)
How do you strongly prohibit something as in rules and regulations “you must not do …”?
Verb in て(te) form, then はいけません(wa ikemasen)
Ex. 写真を撮ってはいけません = You must not take pictures
How do you combine 2 or more verbs as in describing a sequence of events or actions “I did this and I did that”?
Verb in て(te) form, then verb in correct tense form
Ex. 起きて、勉強しました = I woke up and studied
What is another way the て(te) form can connect verbs?
The て(te) form can be used to connect a verb more “loosely” with the rest of a sentence.
1) the verb in the て(te) form describes the manner in which the action described by the second verb is performed
(Ex. バスに乗って、会社に行きます = I ride the bus, to go to work)
2) the verb in the て(te) form describes the situation for which the apology is made
(Ex. 本を忘れて、すみません = I forgot the book, I am sorry)
How to use the word から(kara)？
1) Situation。Explanation から(kara)。
(Ex. 今晩勉強します。明日テストがありますから。 = Tonight I study. Tomorrow there is test because.)
2) Explanation から(kara)、Situation。
(Ex. 明日テストがありますから、今晩勉強します。 = Tomorrow there is test because, tonight I study.)
How can ましょうか(mashouka) be used?
1) as previously discussed, to make an invitation to “let’s do something”
2) to offer assistance “let me help you do something”
What is the difference between 遅く(osoku) and 遅い(osoi)？
遅く is an adverb
(Ex. 遅く寝ました = Went to bed late)
遅い is an adjective
(Ex. 遅い朝ご飯を食べました = Ate late breakfast)
(Ex. 遅いです = It’s late)
What is the difference between 早く(hayaku) and 早い(hayai)？
早く is an adverb
(Ex. 早く寝ました = Went to bed early)
早い is an adjective
(Ex. 早い朝ご飯を食べました = Ate early breakfast)
(Ex. 早いです = It’s early)
What is どうも(doumo) short for?
どうもありがとう (doumoarigatou) OR
どうもすみません (doumosumimasen)
What are the ways you can use どうも(doumo)？
1) show gratitude
2) show regret
3) hello or goodbye (some people use it this way)
Go straight
まっすぐいく (massuguiku)
まっすぐ行く
Turn left
ひだりにまがる (hidari ni magaru)
左に曲がる
Turn right
みぎにまがる (migi ni magaru)
右に曲がる
Turn left at the second corner
ふたつめかどをひだりにまがる
(futatsume no kado o hidari ni magaru)
二つ目の角を左曲ぐる
Turn right at the first traffic light
ひとつめのしんごうをみぎにまがる
(hitotsume no shingou o migi ni magaru)
一つ目の信号を右に曲がる
Cross the street
みちをわたる (michi o wataru)
道を渡る
Left side of the street
みちのひだりがわ (michi no hidari gawa)
道の左側
Right side of the street
みちのみぎがわ (michi no migi gawa)
道の右側
North
きた (kita)
北
East
ひがし (higashi)
東
West
にし (nishi)
西
South
みなみ (minami)
南
お金
Okane - Money
お風呂
Ofuro - Bath
漢字
Kanji
教科書
Kyoukasho - Textbook
今週
Konshuu - This week
市民病院
Shiminbyouin - Municipal hospital
次
Tsugi - Next
電気
Denki - Electricity
荷物
Nimotsu - Baggage
窓
Mado - Window
夜
Yoru - Night
来週
Raishuu - Next week
来年
Rainen - Next year
大変
Taihen(na) - Tough (situation)
遊ぶ
Asobu - To play / To spend time pleasantly
急ぐ
Isogu - To hurry
お風呂に入る
Ofuro ni hairu - To take bath
返す
Kaesu - To return (a thing)
消す
Kesu - To turn off / To erase
死ぬ
Shinu - To die
座る
Suwaru - To sit down
立つ
Tatsu - To stand up
たばこを吸う
Tabako o suu - To smoke
使う
Tsukau - To use
手伝う
Tetsudau - To help
入る
Hairu - To enter
持つ
Motsu - To carry / To hold
休む
Yasumu - To be absent / To rest
開ける
Akeru - To open (something)
教える
Oshieru - To instruct / To teach
降りる
Oriru - To get off
借りる
Kariru - To borrow
閉める
Shimeru - To close (something)
シャワーを浴びる
Shawaa o abiru - To take a shower
電話をかける
Denwa o kakeru - To make a phone call
忘れる
Wasureru - To forget / To leave behind
連れてくる
Tsuretekuru - To bring (a person)
持ってくる
Mottekuru - To bring (a thing)
後で
Atode - Later on
遅く
Osoku - Late
結構です
Kekkou desu - That would be fine / That won’t be necessary
本当ですか
Hontou desu ka- Really
