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Biology 241 > chp9 > Flashcards

chp9 Flashcards

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1
Q

spine

A

sharp,slender process

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2
Q

tubercle

A

small rounded projection

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3
Q

crest

A

narrow ridge of bone

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4
Q

tuberosity

A

large rounded projection

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5
Q

head

A

structure supported on neck

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6
Q

ramus

A

armlike projection

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7
Q

condyle

A

rounded, convex projection

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8
Q

fissure

A

narrow opening

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9
Q

Meatus

A

Canal-like structure

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10
Q

Foramen

A

Round or oval opening through a bone

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11
Q

Fossa

A

Shallow depression

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12
Q

Sinus

A

Air-filled cavity

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13
Q

Trochanter

A

Large, irregularly shaped projection

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14
Q

Epicondyle

A

Raised area on or above a condyle

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15
Q

Process

A

Projection or prominence

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16
Q

facet

A

smooth, nearly flat articular surface

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17
Q

The four major anatomical classifications of bones are long, short, flat, and irregular. Which category has the least amount of spongy bone relative to its total volume?

A

long bones

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21
Q

contains spongy bone in adults

A

F, epiphysis

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22
Q

made of compact bone

A

C, diaphysis

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23
Q

site of blood cell formation

A

J, Red Bone Marrow

24
Q

major submembranous site of osteoclasts

A

D, endosteum & I, periosteum

25
Q

scientific term for bone shaft

A

C, diaphysis

26
Q

contains fat in adult bones

A

G, Medullary Cavity

27
Q

growth plate remnant

A

E, Epiphyseal line

28
Q

major submembranous site of osteoblasts

A

D, endosteum & I, periosteum

29
Q

What differences between compact and spongy bone can be seen with the naked eye?

A

compact bone diaphysis looks solid, practically without holes or gaps-

32
Q

What is the function of the periosteum?

A

The Periosteum serves as an attachment point for muscles and bones through tendons and ligaments.

33
Q

Trace the route taken by nutrients through the bone, starting with the periosteum and ending with an osteocyte in a lacuna.

A

The path is: Periosteum, Perforating Canals, Central Canals, Canaliculi, Lancunae, Osteocytes

34
Q

concentric lamellae

A

layers of bony matrix around a central canal

35
Q

lacunae

A

site of osteocytes

36
Q

central canal

A

longitudinal canal carrying blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves

37
Q

canaliculi

A

minute canals connecting osteocytes of an osteon

38
Q

matrix

A

inorganic salts deposited in organic ground substances

40
Q

On the photomicrograph of bone on the right (365x), identify all structures maned in the key and bracket an osteon.

A

B. Concentric Lamellae

44
Q

What is the function of the organic matrix in bone?

A

Gives bone flexibility & strength

45
Q

Name the important organic bone components

A

Collagen fibers, osteocytes

46
Q

Calcium salts form the bulk of the inorganic material in bone. What is the function of the calcium salts?

A

Gives bone hardness & compressional strength.

47
Q

Baking removes _______________ from bone. Soaking bone in acid removes _________________.

A

baking removes what from bone? ORGANIC

49
Q

Compare and contrast events occurring on the epiphyseal and diaphyseal faces of the epiphyseal plate?

A

The cartilage cells at the epiphyseal side are continuing to grow and divide mitotically, while the ones on the diaphyseal side are aging, dying and then osteoblasts move in to form bone.

50
Q

Type of cartilage that supports the external ear

A

Elastic

51
Q

Type of cartilage between the vertebrae

A

Fibrocartilage

52
Q

Type of cartilage that forms the walls of the voice box (larynx)

A

Hyaline

53
Q

Type of cartilage that forms the epiglottis

A

Elastic

54
Q

Type of cartilage forming the articular cartilages

A

Hyaline

55
Q

Type of cartilage that forms the meniscus

A

Fibrocartilage

56
Q

Type of cartilage that connects the ribs to the sternum

A

Hyaline

57
Q

Type of cartilage thats the most effective at resisting compression

A

Fibrocartilage

58
Q

The most springy and flexible type of cartilage

A

Elastic

59
Q

The most abundant type of cartilage

A

Hyaline

Biology 241 (6 decks)

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