Chp 9 Endocrine System

Question 1

aden/o

Answer 1

gland

Question 2

adren/o, adrenal/o

Answer 2

adrenal gland

Question 3

andr/o

Answer 3

male

Question 4

crin/o

Answer 4

to secrete

Question 5

dips/o

Answer 5

thirst

Question 6

gluc/o, glucos/o, glyc/o

Answer 6

glucose (sugar)

Question 7

hormon/o

Answer 7

hormone (an urging on)

Question 8

ket/o, keton/o

Answer 8

ketone bodies

Question 9

pancreat/o

Answer 9

pancreas

Question 10

thym/o

Answer 10

thymus gland

Question 11

thyr/o, thyroid/o

Answer 11

thyroid gland (shield)

Question 12

glucocorticoids

Answer 12

regulate carbohydrate metabolism and have antiinflammatory effects; cortisol is the most significant glucocorticoid

Question 13

catecholamines

Answer 13

hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla that affect the sympathetic nervous system in stress response

Question 14

epinephrine

Answer 14

hormone secreted in response to fear or physical injury

Question 15

norepinephrine

Answer 15

hormone secreted in response to hypotension and physical stress

Question 16

insulin

Answer 16

a hormone secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans that is responsible for regulating the metabolism of glucose (insulin island)

Question 17

glucagon

Answer 17

a hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans that serves to regulate carbohydrate metabolism by raising blood sugar

Question 18

PTH

Answer 18

(Parathyroid Hormone)

regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism

Question 19

hypophysis

Answer 19

pituitary gland

Question 20

ADH

Answer 20

(Antidiuretic Hormone)

influences the absorption of water by kidney tubules

Question 21

oxytocin

Answer 21

influences uterine contraction

Question 22

thyroxine

Answer 22

known as a thyroid hormone; regulate metabolism

Question 23

calcitonin

Answer 23

regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism

Question 24

glucosuria

Answer 24

glucose (sugar) in the urine

Question 25

hypercalcemia

Answer 25

an abnormally high level of calcium in the blood

Question 26

hypokalemia

Answer 26

deficient level of potassium in the blood

Question 27

hyperglycemia

Answer 27

high blood sugar

Question 28

hypoglycemia

Answer 28

low blood sugar

Question 29

ketosis

Answer 29

presence of an abnormal amount of ketone bodies (acetone, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, and acetoacetic acid) in the blood and urine indicating an abnormal use of carbohydrates, such as in uncontrolled diabetes and starvation (keto = alter)

Question 30

polydipsia

Answer 30

excessive thirst

Question 31

polyuria

Answer 31

excessive urination

Question 32

DM

Answer 32

(Diabetes Mellitus)
metabolic disorder caused by the absence or insufficient production of insulin secreted by the pancreas, resulting in hyperglycemia and glucosuria (diabetes = passing through; mellitus = sugar)

Question 33

acromegaly

Answer 33

disease characterized by enlarged features, especially of the face and hands, caused by hypersecretion of the pituitary growth hormone after puberty, when normal bone growth has stopped; most often caused by a pituitary tumor