Additional chapter 6

Question 1

erythrocyte

Answer 1

red blood cell; transports oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 2

hemoglobin

Answer 2

the protein-iron compound in erythrocytes that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 3

leukocyte

Answer 3

white blood cell; protects the body from harmful invading substances

Question 4

erythropenia

Answer 4

an abnormally reduced number of red blood cells

Question 5

lymphocytopenia

Answer 5

an abnormally reduced number of lymphocytes

Question 6

neutropenia

Answer 6

a decreased number of neutrophils

Question 7

thrombocytopenia

Answer 7

an abnormally decreased number of platelets in the blood, impairing the clotting process

Question 8

polycythemia

Answer 8

increased number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the blood

Question 9

lymphadenopathy

Answer 9

enlarged (diseased) lymph nodes

Question 10

splenomegaly

Answer 10

enlargement of the spleen

Question 11

anemia

Answer 11

a condition of reduced numbers of red blood cells, hemoglobin, or packed red cells in the blood, resulting in a diminished ability of red blood cells to transport oxygen to the tissues

Question 12

leukemia

Answer 12

chronic or acute malignant (cancerous) disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by abnormal leukocytes in the blood and bone marrow

Question 13

myelodysplasia

Answer 13

disorder within the bone marrow characterized by a proliferation of abnormal stem cells (cells that give rise to different types of blood cells); usually develops into a specific type of leukemia

Question 14

lymphoma

Answer 14

any neoplastic disorder of lymph tissue, usually malignant, as in Hodgkin disease

Question 15

metastasis

Answer 15

process by which cancer cells are spread by blood or lymph circulation to a distant organ; the plural form, metastases, indicates spreading to two or more distant sites

Question 16

septicemia

Answer 16

systemic disease caused by infection with microorganisms and

their toxins in circulating blood

Question 17

phlebotomy

Answer 17

incision into or puncture of a vein to withdraw blood for testing

Question 18

venipuncture

Answer 18

incision into or puncture of a vein to withdraw blood for testing

Question 19

PTT

Answer 19

partial thromboplastin time

test to determine coagulation defects, such as platelet disorders

Question 20

PT

Answer 20

prothrombin time

test to measure activity of prothrombin in the blood

Question 21

HGB or Hgb

Answer 21

Hemoglobin

a test to determine the blood level of hemoglobin (expressed in grams)

Question 22

HCT

Answer 22

hematocrit

a measurement of the percentage of packed red blood cells in a given volume of blood

Question 23

ESR

Answer 23

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

timed test that measures the rate at which red blood cells settle through a volume of plasma

Question 24

splenectomy

Answer 24

removal of the spleen

Question 25

lymphadenectomy

Answer 25

removal of a lymph node

Question 26

plasmapheresis

Answer 26

removal of plasma from the body with separation and extraction of specific elements (e.g., platelets) followed by reinfusion (apheresis = a withdrawal)

Question 27

BUN

Answer 27

blood urea nitrogen

Question 28

CMP

Answer 28

comprehensive metabolic panel