CHP. 6

Question 1

Collaboration

Answer 1

Occurs when two or more people work together to achieve a common goal, result, or product.

Question 2

Communication systems

Answer 2

mail, virtual private networks, instant messaging, and more sophisticated communications systems, dependent on the network technology available in an organization.

Question 3

Workflow

Answer 3

A process or procedure by which content is created, edited, used, and disposed.

Question 4

Network externality

Answer 4

The larger the number of people using a network, the more valuable that network becomes.

Question 5

Global Positioning System (GPS)

Answer 5

A collection of dozens of satellites orbiting the earth that transmit precise microwave signals. A GPS receiver can calculate its position by measuring the distance between itself and several of the satellites.

Question 6

Network

Answer 6

A collection of computers that communicate with one another over transmission lines.

Question 7

Transmission media

Answer 7

Physical media, such as copper cable and optical fibre (glass fibre) cable, or wireless media transmitting light or radio frequencies (including cellular and satellite systems) which transmit electronic signals.

Question 8

Optical fibre cable

Answer 8

A type of cable used to connect the computers, printers, switches, and other devices on a LAN. The signals on such cables are light rays, and they are reflected inside the glass core of the optical fibre cable. The core is surrounded by a cladding to contain the light signals, and the cladding, in turn, is wrapped with an outer layer to protect it.

Question 9

Local area network (LAN)

Answer 9

A network that connects computers that reside in a single geographical location on the premises of the company that operates the LAN. The number of connected computers can range from two to several hundred.

Question 10

Wide area network (WAN)

Answer 10

A network that connects computers located at different geographical locations.

Question 11

Internet

Answer 11

Either a private network of networks or, more commonly, the public network known as the internet.

Question 12

Protocol

Answer 12

A standardized means for coordinating an activity between two or more entities.

Question 13

Cloud

Answer 13

A term that refers to elastic leasing of pooled computer resources over the Internet.

Question 14

Elastic

Answer 14

In cloud computing, the situation that exists when the amount of resource leased can be dynamically increased or decreased, programmatically, in a short span of time, and organizations pay for just the resources that they use. This term was first used in this way by Amazon.com.

Question 15

Pooled

Answer 15

The situation in which many different organizations use the same physical hardware.

Question 16

Over the Internet

Answer 16

When applied to cloud computing, the provisioning of worldwide servers over the Internet.

Question 17

Service-oriented architecture (SOA)

Answer 17

A design philosophy that dictates that all interactions among computing devices are defined as services in a formal, standardized way. SOA makes the cloud possible.

Question 18

Web service standards

Answer 18

Worldwide standards that programs use to declare what they do, the structure of the data they process, and the ways they will communicate.

Question 19

Web services

Answer 19

SOA-designed programs that comply with Web service standards.

Question 20

software as a service

Answer 20

Leasing hardware infrastructure, operating systems, and application programs to another organization.

Question 21

platform as a service (PaaS)

Answer 21

Vendors provide hosted computers, an operating system, and possibly a DBMS.

Question 22

infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

Answer 22

The cloud hosting of a bare server computer or data storage.

Question 23

Content delivery network (CDN)

Answer 23

An information system that serves content to Web pages over the Internet. To reduce wait time, data is typically stored and served from many geographic locations.

Question 24

Content delivery network (CDN)

Answer 24

An information system that serves content to Web pages over the Internet. To reduce wait time, data is typically stored and served from many geographic locations.

Question 25

Virtual private network (VPN)

Answer 25

A WAN connection alternative that uses the internet or a private internet to create the appearance of private point-to-point connections. In the IT world, the term virtual means something that appears to exist that does not exist in fact. A VPN usually uses the public internet to create the appearance of a private connection.

Question 26

Tunnel

Answer 26

A virtual, private pathway over a public or shared network from the VPN client to the VPN server.

Question 27

Private cloud

Answer 27

In-house hosting, delivered via Web service standards, which can be dynamically configured.

Question 28

Virtual private cloud (VPC)

Answer 28

A subset of a public cloud that has highly restricted, secure access.

Question 29

M-commerce

Answer 29

Short for mobile commerce, its applications allow mobile phones to conduct certain kinds of transactions, such as mobile banking and mobile ticket purchases at movie theatres and sporting events.