CHP. 11 Flashcards
Chief information officer (CIO)
The title of the principal manager of the IT department. Other common titles are vice-president of information services, director of information services, and, less commonly, director of computer services.
Chief technology officer (CTO)
The head of the technology group. They sort through new ideas and products to identify those that are most relevant to the organization. Their job requires deep knowledge of information technology and the ability to envision how new IT will affect the organization over time.
Business analysts
Analysts who develop the business case for a newly proposed system and develop the requirements for the system.
Systems analysts
Information systems professionals who understand both business and technology. They are active throughout the systems development process and play a key role in moving the project from conception to conversion and, ultimately, maintenance. Systems analysts integrate the work of the programmers, testers, and users.
Competitive strategy
The strategy an organization chooses as the way it will succeed in its industry. According to Michael Porter, there are four fundamental competitive strategies: cost leadership across an industry or within a particular industry segment, and product differentiation across an industry or within a particular industry segment.
IT architecture
The basic framework for all the computers, systems, and information management that support organizational services.
Enterprise architect
Manages the company’s complex information systems.
Zachman framework
Conceived by John Zachman at IBM in the 1980s, it divides systems into two dimensions, one based on six reasons for communication (what—data, how—function, where—network, who—people, when—time, why—motivation), and the other based on stakeholder groups (planner, owner, designer, builder, implementer, and worker). The intersection of these two dimensions helps to provide a relatively holistic view of the enterprise.
Alignment
The ongoing, continually evolving challenge of fitting IT architecture to business objectives.
Governance
Using a committee to decide on expectations for performance, to authorize appropriate resources and power to meet expectations, and perhaps eventually to verify whether expectations have been met.
Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX)
Law passed by the U.S. Congress in 2002 that governs the reporting requirements of publicly held companies. Among other things, it strengthened requirements for internal controls and management’s responsibility for accurate financial reporting.
Bill 198 or Budget Measures Act
Law enforcing compliance with standards for collecting, reporting, and disclosing information.
Information systems audit
An audit focusing on information resources that are used to collect, store, process, and retrieve information.
Information Systems Audit and Control Association (ISACA)
A key organization in developing knowledge and standards relating to information systems audits and information systems governance.
Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA)
A globally recognized certification earned by more than 50 000 professionals; members have job titles like information systems auditor, consultant, information systems security professional, regulator, chief information officer, and internal auditor.
