Chp. 5: Bonding Flashcards
electron shells
where electrons are housed
number of electrons in a shell
2n^2
inert gases
right hand column elements that don’t react with other elements
octet
atoms with 8 electrons: stable atom
Metals release their…and leave…
…electrons…behind a cation (positively charged ion.
electrostatic attraction
the attraction of cations and surrounding pool of electrons
Why do metals melt
the atoms are bonded with weak bonds and the atoms shake enough to break hence melting.
How do electrons in metals move?
they instantaneously move in all directions at the same time, which are free of the atoms and create a “sea of electrons”
Electric Current
the sea of electrons all move preferentially in one direction
Electrons act as glue…so?
atoms can pack closely together hence the high density and high weight of metals
atoms move over each other and change positions easily hence pressing and hammering ability.
Covalent Bonds
elements share electrons with specific nearby atoms to achieve an octet
valence electrons
the outer electrons
Covalent bonds are…
- directional
- not packed closely together
- not dense
- no free electrons (doesn’t conduct electricity)
- very strong like diamond
Ionic bonds
atoms exchange electrons among themselves like NaCl
Cation
a positively charged atom
