Chloride imbalances Flashcards

1
Q

What is considered hyperchloremia?

A

> 105

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2
Q

What can cause hyperchloremia?

A
  1. diarrhea
  2. renal failure
  3. Overactive parathyroid gland
  4. Use of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
  5. Metabolic acidosis
  6. Respiratory alkalosis
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3
Q

What are the manifestations of hyperchloremia?

A
  1. Kussmaul respirations
  2. Weakness
  3. Increased Thirst
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4
Q

How is hyperchloremia typically managed?

A
  1. diuretics
  2. IV fluids
  3. Treatment of underlying cause
  4. Dialysis
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5
Q

What is considered hypochloremia?

A

Serum level <95

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6
Q

What can cause hypochloremia?

A

Loss of body fluid, vomiting, and diarreha

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7
Q

What are the manifestations of hypochloremia?

A
  1. paresthesias of face and extremities

2. muscle spasms and tetany

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8
Q

How is hypochloremia typically managed?

A
  1. increased salt in diet
  2. adding chloride to IV fluids
  3. Treating underlying causes
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