China's One Child Policy Flashcards
What was China’s population growth in the middle of the twentieth century?
55 million every three years.
What was the average number of children born to a Chinese woman in 1963?
7.5.
What was the birth rate in the early 1970s?
31 per thousand people.
What was the average family size in the early 1970s?
3 per family.
Why was the policy needed?
Extreme poverty. Lack of food and drinking water. Famine. Unemployment. Traffic congestion.
What age were people aloud to marry as part of the one child policy?
Women - 20.
Men - 22.
How did the one child policy ensure that couples only had one child?
Sterilisation after the first child.
Abortion of future pregnancies.
What were the benefits from couples keeping to the policy?
Name 5
5-10% salary rise. Bigger land. Extended maturity leave. Paid medical/hospital expenses. Priority access to housing, employment.
Who did the 5-10% salary rise benefit?
People living in urban areas.
Who did the bigger land allocation benefit?
People living in rural areas.
Couples who obeyed the government had priority to what?
Housing.
Employment.
An only child has access to what?
Free schooling.
What were the consequences of not conforming to the policy?
Deprived these benefits.
Pay large fines.
If couples did not keep to the policy what was withdrawn?
Family allowances.
Medical benefits.
If couples did not keep to the policy and worked within the government what would happen?
They would be demoted or discharged.
Pressure to abort second pregnancies even included what?
Pay cuts for the couple’s fellow workers.
Who were the ‘Granny Police’?
Older women of the community who were entrusted with the task of keeping everyone in line.
What did the ‘Granny Police’ do?
Kept regular checks on couples of childbearing age.
Accompanying women on contraception appointments to make sure they attended.
Members of what group are allowed 2 or even more children?
Minority ethnic group.
Having a child with a disability who is unable to work allows what?
Second child to be born.
Who were the exceptions?
Rural families who only had girls.
Risk of losing the family line.
First child is disabled.
Members of the minority ethnic group.
What were the successes of the One Child Policy?
Population growth slowed down for people to have enough jobs and food.
How much did China’s birth rate fall?
Fell from 31 to 19 in 20 years.
What was the size of the population estimated to be?
230 million less that it would have been without the policy.
What changes were made to the policy in the 1990s and 2000s?
Young couples who are only children are allowed two children.
Attitudes towards daughters have improved.
Why is the policy unlikely to relax anymore?
In 2008 Chin still had 1 million more births than deaths every 5 weeks.
600 million people still live on less than $2 per day.
