China One Child Policy

Question 1

When did China realise it was headed for famine?

Answer 1

1970s

Question 2

When did China have a famine and how many deaths?

Answer 2

1959 - 1961

35 million

Question 3

What meant growth was unsustainable?

Answer 3

Baby boom

Question 4

4 aspects of the policy

Answer 4

• Only 1 successful pregnancy
• don’t marry until late 20s
• sterilisation after 1st child / abortions
• Granny police checked upon young couples and made sure women attended contraception appointments

Question 5

3 positive incentives

Answer 5

5-10% salary rise
Priority housing, pension and family benefits
Free education

Question 6

6 negative incentives

Answer 6

10% salary cut
Fine - bankrupt most households
Must pay for education for all children
Pay for healthcare for whole family
2nd child born abroad not allowed Chinese citizenship
Pay cuts for colleagues to force abortion

Question 7

7 positive impacts

Answer 7

• Forecasted famine didn’t occur
• Enough food and jobs
• New industries lifted millions out of poverty
• 400M births prevented
• BR fell
• increase technology and resource exploitation = higher living standard
• Stellar education

Question 8

How many births were prevented?

Answer 8

400 million

Question 9

By how much did BR fall?

Answer 9

33.4 —> 17

1979 —> 1996

Question 10

What category were most of the negative impacts? (Environmental/social/economic)

Answer 10

Social

Question 11

Who were women under pressure from?

Answer 11

Families, workmates, Gov, Granny Police

Question 12

What was the gender imbalance?

Answer 12

120 males : 100 females = bachelor futures

Question 13

How many orphans?

Answer 13

15 million

Question 14

How much money was paid in fines?

Answer 14

2 trillion Yuan

Question 15

Which groups of people were most affected?

Answer 15

Rural farmers - needed lots of children to work the land and needed boys –> poverty and starvation

Question 16

6 other negative impacts

Answer 16

• Forced abortions 9 months into pregnancy
• Little emperors
• Gov power over people’s private lives
• Dying rooms
• Female infanticide
• Dependency issues

Question 17

What proportion of children died within first year in Dying Rooms and why?

Answer 17

9/10 died within first year due to deliberate starvation

Question 18

Name for female infanticide

Answer 18

China’s Lost Girls

Question 19

Why were there dependency issues?

Answer 19

1 child looking after 4 grandparents and 2 parents

Question 20

How many more births than deaths as of 2008?

Answer 20

1 million more births than deaths every 5 weeks

Question 21

How many people still living on less than how much per day?

Answer 21

600 million on

Question 22

How more men than women currently?

Answer 22

60 million

Question 23

3 other problems (current situation)

Answer 23

• Increasing wealth = more people breaking rules
• Risk of severe labour shortage
• Growing ageing population as LE increasing

Question 24

When and how is the policy being scrapped?

Answer 24

March 2016 - will be allowed 2 children

Question 25

3 points of evaluation

Answer 25

• Won’t be able to support growing ageing pop = policy created different problems
• Human costs > Success of reducing BR
• American research suggests BR would have fallen anyway due to socio-economic development

Question 26

Date

Answer 26

1979