China & Japan Flashcards
Ming dynasty
was the ruling dynasty of China—then known as the Empire of the Great Ming—for 276 years following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty.
Qing dynasty
officially the Great Qing, also called the Empire of the Great Qing or the Manchu dynasty, was the last imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912 with a brief, abortive restoration in 1917.
Examination system
was the basic support for the ongoing study of the Confucian classics during late-imperial times and could be said to have been the impetus behind the school curriculum that was followed all over China, even at the level of the village school for young boys.
Opium
the dried latex obtained from the opium poppy. Opium latex contains approximately 12 percent of the analgesic alkaloid morphine, which is processed chemically to produce heroin and other …
Taiping rebellion
was a massive rebellion or civil war in China that lasted from 1850 to 1864, which was fought between the established Manchu-led Qing dynasty and the millenarian movement of the Heavenly Kingdom of Peace
Beijing
China’s massive capital, has history stretching back 3 millennia.
Treaty of nanjing
. It was the first of what the Chinese later called the unequal treaties because Britain had no obligations in return.
Taiwan
a state in East Asia
Empress
A female emperor
Cixi
was a Chinese empress dowager and regent who effectively controlled the Chinese government in the late Qing dynasty for 47 years from 1861 until her death in 1908
Self - strengthening
was a period of institutional reforms initiated in China during the late Qing dynasty following a series of military defeats and concessions to foreign powers.
Imperial city
a section of the city of Beijing in the Ming and Qing dynasties, with the Forbidden City at its center.
Porcelain
a white vitrified translucent ceramic; china.
Boxer rebellion
a Chinese secret organization called the Society of the Righteous and Harmonious Fists led an uprising in northern China against the spread of Western and Japanese influence there.
Tokugawa shogunate
was the last feudal Japanese military government, which existed between 1603 and 1867.
Commodore Matthew perry
was a Commodore of the United States Navy and commanded a number of ships. He served in several wars, most notably in the Mexican–American War and the War of 1812.
Meiji restoration
was a chain of events that restored practical imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji.
Consulate
the place or building in which a consul’s duties are carried out.
Eta
the seventh letter of the Greek alphabet ( Η, η), transliterated as ‘e’ or ‘ē.’
Edo
is the former name of Tokyo.[2] It was the seat of power for the Tokugawa shogunate, which ruled Japan from 1603 to 1868.
The hermit kingdom
a term applied to any country, organization or society which willfully walls itself off, either metaphorically or physically, from the rest of the world.
Isolationism
a policy of remaining apart from the affairs or interests of other groups, especially the political affairs of other countries.
Dutch learning
is a body of knowledge developed by Japan through its contacts with the Dutch enclave of Dejima, which allowed Japan to keep abreast of Western technology and medicine in the period when the country was closed to …
Junks
discard or abandon unceremoniously.
Queue
a line or sequence of people or vehicles awaiting their turn to be attended to or to proceed.
Hsuan-yeh
a Malaysian Islamic scholar and preacher
Philogy
is the study of language in written historical sources; it is a combination of literary criticism, history, and linguistics. It is more commonly defined as the study of literary texts and written records, the establishment of their authenticity and their original form, and the determination of their meaning.
Extraterritoriality
the state of being exempted from the jurisdiction of local law, usually as the result of diplomatic negotiations.
Unequal treaties
a term applied to any of a series of treaties signed with Western powers during the 19th and early 20th centuries by Qing dynasty China and late Tokugawa Japan after suffering military defeat by the foreign powers or when there was a threat of military action by those powers.
Yangtze valley
is the longest river in Asia and the third-longest in the world.
Toyotomi hideyoshi
was a preeminent daimyo, warrior, general, samurai, and politician of the Sengoku period who is regarded as Japan’s second “great unifier”.
