Chapter 15- Enlightment

Question 1

Louis, XIV

Answer 1

known as Louis the Great or the Sun King, was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who ruled as King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715

Question 2

Peter the great

Answer 2

Peter I or Peter Alexeyevich ruled the Tsardom of Russia and later the Russian Empire from 7 May 1682 until his death, jointly ruling before 1696 with his elder half-brother, Ivan V.

Question 3

William the great elector

Answer 3

was Elector of Brandenburg and Duke of Prussia – and thus ruler of Brandenburg-Prussia – from 1640 until his death.

Question 4

Czar

Answer 4

an emperor or king.

Question 5

Absolutism

Answer 5

the acceptance of or belief in absolute principles in political, philosophical, ethical, or theological matters.

Question 6

Boyar

Answer 6

a member of the old aristocracy in Russia, next in rank to a prince.

Question 7

Ivan Iv

Answer 7

commonly known as Ivan the Terrible or Ivan the Fearsome, was the Grand Prince of Moscow from 1533 to 1547, then “Tsar of All the Russias” until his death in 1584. The last title was used by all his successors.

Question 8

Divine right

Answer 8

is a political and religious doctrine of royal and political legitimacy. It asserts that a monarch is subject to no earthly authority, deriving the right to rule directly from the will of God.

Question 9

Henry iv

Answer 9

was King Henry IV of England and Lord of Ireland from 1399 to 1413, and asserted the claim of his grandfather, Edward III, to the Kingdom of France.

Question 10

War of Spanish secession

Answer 10

was a major European conflict of the early 18th century, triggered by the death in 1700 of the last Habsburg King of Spain, the infirm and childless Charles II.

Question 11

Thirty years war

Answer 11

was a series of wars in Central Europe between 1618 and 1648. It was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history, as well as the deadliest European religious war, resulting in eight million casualties.

Question 12

Catherine the great

Answer 12

was the most renowned and the longest-ruling female leader of Russia, reigning from 1762 until her death in 1796 at the age of 67.

Question 13

Window to the west

Answer 13

F

Question 14

Maria Theresa

Answer 14

Amalia Christina was the only female ruler of the Habsburg dominions and the last of the House of Habsburg.

Question 15

Pragmatic sanction

Answer 15

an imperial or royal ordinance or decree that has the force of law.

Question 16

Hapsburg

Answer 16

The House of Habsburg, or House of Austria, was one of the most influential royal houses of Europe. The throne of the Holy Roman Empire was continuously occupied by the Habsburgs between 1438 and 1740.

Question 17

Austria, seven years war

Answer 17

was a war fought between 1754 and 1763, the main conflict occurring in the seven-year period from 1756 to 1763.

Question 18

Frederick the great

Answer 18

Frederick II was King of Prussia from 1740 until 1786, the longest reign of any Hohenzollern king. His most significant accomplishments during his reign included his military victories, his reorganization

Question 19

Frederick William I

Answer 19

Frederick William was Elector of Brandenburg and Duke of Prussia – and thus ruler of Brandenburg-Prussia – from 1640 until his death.

Question 20

Glorious revolution

Answer 20

was the overthrow of King James II of England (James VII of Scotland) by a union of English Parliamentarians with the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange.

Question 21

Spanish Armada

Answer 21

was a Spanish fleet of 130 ships that sailed from A Coruña in August 1588, under the command of the Duke of Medina Sidonia with the purpose of escorting an army from Flanders to invade England.

Question 22

James I puritans

Answer 22

Under James I of England, the Puritan movement co-existed with the conforming Church of England in what was generally an accepted form of episcopal Protestant religion.

Question 23

Queen Elizabeth

Answer 23

has been Queen of the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand since 6 February 1952.

Question 24

Charles I

Answer 24

Charles I was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649.