China Booklet 3 - Japan’s Developing Interests In China Flashcards
What did Japan want to invade China?
Access to raw materials, take China’s place as the superpower within Asia, overpopulation in Japan
What occurred in 1905 increasing Japanese confidence?
Japan defeated the Russians
How were Japan able to have close access to China already?
Japan had ownership of Korea due to the first Sino-Japanese War, also the South Manchurian Railway
What was the Mukden Incident?
Kwangtung army placed a bomb under Zhang Zuolin’s carriage which killed him
What was the significance of the Mukden Incident?
Japan were able to blame China for the incident as Zhang was an ally of Japan, gave Japan a reason to invade Manchuria
What was the Manchurian Crisis?
Japan attacked China in Manchuria - Chinese were unable to stop superior army
Why was CKS inefficient in stopping the Japanese army in Manchuria?
He was more focused on the CCP in the south
When was the Mukden Incident?
September 1931
When was the Manchurian Crisis?
1931-33
What did the CKS do to stop the Japanese?
Appealed to the League of Nations
How did the League of Nations respond to CKS calls for help?
Set up the Lytton Committee to investigate Japanese behaviour, however no physical action was taken
What was the treaty in 1933?
Treaty of Tanggu
What were the provisions of the Treaty of Tanggu ?
Japan get direct control of Manchuria, China to Demilitarise Beijing and Tianjin
What were the effects on China due to the 1933 treaty?
Uprisings against the GMD, short-term peace with Japan
What were the effects on Japan due to the 1933 treaty?
Japan could develop Manchuria, boosts Japanese confidence
Why was Japan more industrially developed by 1920?
Adopted and adapted western technologies in the 19th century, militarisation (government contracts), American investment and trade
How did the Chinese react to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria?
Boycotted Japanese goods (sales were cut by 2/3) Protests and uprisings (guerrilla campaigns) against Japanese industry and civilians in the north and Shanghai.
Why did Chiang retreat from Taiwan and ask for a peace treaty with Japan in 1933?
Chiang did not think China was ready. Adopted a policy of ‘appeasement’. Wanted to defeat CCP, then worry about Japan. Hoped USSR or USA would intervene.
Japanese and Chinese troops clashed at Marco Polo Bridge July 1937. Why were Japanese there?
Boxer Protocol of 1901 allowed foreign troops to be deployed in China
