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History – Revolutions 3/4 Very important deck > China AOS2 Interpretations > Flashcards

China AOS2 Interpretations Flashcards

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1
Q

Callick

Re: Military

A

‘It is not the army of the government, or of China more generally, but of the CCP.’

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2
Q

Fenby

Re: national unity in new political system

A

this amounted to ‘window dressing; the non-Communist politicians were known as “flower vases” - there for decoration.’

11/23 ministers in govt. were non-communist h/w CCP maintained dominant authority

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3
Q

Short

Re: Korean War propoganda

A

‘In this superheated atmosphere, the campaign to supress counter-revolutionaries burned white-hot.’

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4
Q

Short

Re: Escelation of Land Reform

A

‘Peasants who killed with their nare hands the landlords who oppressed them were wedded to the new revolutionary order in a way that passive spectators could never be.’

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5
Q

Dikotter

Re: Escelation of Land Reform

A

land reforms were ‘a pact sealed in blood between the Party and the poor.’

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6
Q

Meisner

Re: Thought Reform (intellectuals)

A

Communists saw campaign as ‘educational’ rather than vindictive with the aim of producing ‘correct thoughts’

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7
Q

Gray

Re: Wufan (businessmen)

A

Wufan was ‘an opportunity to pulverise China’s capitalists politically.’

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8
Q

Terril

Re: Wufan (businessmen)

A

It was not necessary for CCP to destroy bourgeoisie b/c easily subdued: ‘Many capitalists turned red when the heat went on, silently, like lobsters put in hot water.’

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9
Q

Dietrich

Re: Women’s Rights

A

China’s women had risen to the status of second-class citizens

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10
Q

Spence

Re: First 5 Year Plan

A

‘it was a formidable achievement.’

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11
Q

Dietrich

Re: Agricultural Stagnation on collectivisation

A

‘Did they prescribe the wrong medicine, or was the dose too small? Should they go backward or forward?’

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12
Q

Ryan

Re: Mao’s speeches prior High Tide

A

‘electrifying effect’

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13
Q

Ryan

Re: Hundred Flowers Campaign

A

Mao wants his ‘garden to bloom’

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14
Q

Ryan

Re: Hundred Flowers Campaign

A

‘blooming and contending’ when critics spoke out became a ‘fine rain’ of criticism that grew into a heavy downpour of resentment.’

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15
Q

Short

Re: reflection of Hundred Flowers Campaign

A

‘ambitious attempt… to combine a totalitarian system with democratic checks and balances… what started as an attempt to bridge the gap between the Party and the people… became a trap.’

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16
Q

Short

Re: GLF & High Tide

A

Mao was ‘on an adrenaline high pumped up by the limitless vista of a bright Communist future in which nothing would be able to withstand the concerted efforts of 600 million people.’

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17
Q

Fairbank

Re: People’s Communes

A

‘The state had become the ultimate landlord.’

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18
Q

Chang & Halliday

Re: People’s Communes

A

‘The aim was to make slave driving more efficient.’

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19
Q
A
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20
Q

Ryan

Re: People’s Communes

A

‘many ordinary people were genuinely enthusiastic for the People’s Communes.’

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21
Q

Salisbury

Re: Backyard steel

A

‘The country looked as though it had been picked clean by iron-eating ants.’

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22
Q

Terrill

Re: Manipulating statistics

A

Mao’s treatment of numbers reinforced the unrealistic nature of the Great Leap Forward

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23
Q

Chang

Re: Manipulating statistics

A

‘disregard for reality.’

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24
Q

Becker

Re: Manipulating Statistics

A

‘With each repetition, the lies became more and more fantastic, a ghastly parody of Chinese Whispers.’

25
Q

Salisbury

Re: Post-Lushan

A

‘Mao turned his band of brothers into a claque, clapping hands and nodding heads like mechanical dolls.’

26
Q

Fairbank

Re: Famine

A

‘an all-time first class manmade famine… the Great Leap Forward had played itself out as a Mao-made catastrophe.’

27
Q

Becker

Re: Famine

A

‘famine culture’ led to practices such as ‘swap child, make food.’

28
Q

Dikotter

Re: Famine

A

‘at least 45 million people died unnecessarily between 1958 and 1962.’

29
Q

Hsu

Re: Socialist Education Movement

A

most officials found it ‘a hardship to be endured rather than an experience to be cherished.’

30
Q

Hsu

Re: Mao’s frustration w Party

A

‘Mao became convinced that it was not his policies that were wrong: rather - it was those in high Party positions who were distorting and diluting their implementation.’

31
Q

Fenby

Re: Mao’s frustrations w Party

A

‘grumblings of an irritable old man.’

32
Q

Ryan

Re: Prelude to CR

A

‘a campaign of cataclysmic proportions.’

33
Q

Ryan

Re: Little Red Book

A

‘pointless exercises in memorisation, with no practical benefit.’

34
Q

Cook

Re: Little Red Book

A

‘A weapon of mass instruction.’

35
Q

Dikotter

Re: Culture

A

‘The sheer scale of the idealogical rot was highlighted during the Socialist Education Campaign.’

36
Q

Ryan

Re: Prelude to CR

A

Mao started an ‘extraordinary revolutionary movement against revisionist influences.’

37
Q

Ryan

Re: Prelude to CR

A

Liu Shaoqui returned to a ‘political storm of dizzying complexity.’

38
Q

Leys

Re: Cultural Revolution

A

‘It was a power struggle fought at the top between a handful of men and behind the smokescreen of a fictitious mass movement.’

39
Q

Spence

Re: Cultural Revolution

A

‘This movement defies simple classification, for embedded within it were many impulses at once feeding and impeding each other.’

40
Q

Fenby

Re: Cultrural Revolution

A

Mao was’ seeking immortality by identifying himself with symbols that would live on after him.’

41
Q

Lifton

Re: Cultural Revolution

A

Quest by Mao to achieve
revolutionary immortality.’

42
Q

Mitter

Re: Cultural Revolution

A

‘it was a genuinely mass political movement which left many youths as if they had the best days of their lives.’

43
Q

Kraus

Re: Cultural Revolution

A

‘The Cultural Revolution’s politics were self-conciouslt theatrical.’

44
Q

Ryan

Re: Mao’s Good Swim

A

Mao was ‘in fine health and more ready than ever to steer China through revolutionary waters.’

45
Q

Moise

Re: Cultural Revolution

A

‘Mao’s followers, not having been told exactly who or what they were struggling against, had to conjure up pictures of the enemny from their imaginations.’

46
Q

Spence

Re: Cultural Revolution

A

‘They were repressed, angry and aware of their powerlessness.’

47
Q

Fenby

Re: Cultural Revolution

A

the movement grew because it was ‘responding to social and human elements that had little to do with ideology.’

48
Q

Spence

Re: Cultural Revolution

A

it seems to ‘have been a case of allowing theory to grow out of practise, as Mao had always interpreted the revolutionary process to be.’

49
Q

Feigon

Re: Ninth Party Congress (Victory of CR)

A

Mao had managed to ‘infuse the government with a group of women who, unlike their predecessors, looked, talked and thought like the people they represented.’

50
Q

Chang & Halliday

Re: Post CR

A

‘A vast prison of the mind’ behind the bars of radical Maoist ideology

51
Q

Feigon

Re: Positive legacies of CR

A

‘an enduring legacy of social justice, feminist ideals and even many democratic principles that still resonate with many in Chinese.’

52
Q

Karl

Re: Positive legacies of CR

A

Cultural Revolution ‘was an inspiration to many… set free from constraints to practise mass politics.’

53
Q

Kraus

Re: Positive legacies of CR

A

‘China’s greatest experiment in participatory democracy.’

54
Q

Mabo Gao

Re: Barefoot Doctors

A

‘fairly effective healthcare system.’

55
Q

Kraus

Re: Cleansing the Ranks

A

‘most violent aspect of the Cultural Revolution.’

56
Q

Spence

Re: May Seventh Schools

A

‘were as much prisons as schools.’

57
Q

Chang & Halliday

Re: Lin Biao’s Fall

A

refusing to make a self-criticsm ‘credibility tarnished further.’

58
Q

Teiwes

Re: Lin Biao’s Death

A

it ‘had a disorientating effect among ordinary Communists and cadres…’

59
Q

Ryan

Re: Lin Biao’s Death

A

‘How could a man so close to Mao turn out to be a criminal and backstabber?’

History – Revolutions 3/4 Very important deck (18 decks)

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