4.2 - Consequences of Chinese Revolution INTERPRETATIONS Flashcards

1
Q

Interpretations
Peasants and Land Reform
x2

A
  • “Peasants… were wedded to the new revolutionary order” (Short)
  • “a pact sealed in blood between the Party and the poor” (Dikotter)
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2
Q

Interpretations
Mass Campaigns
x1

A
  • “the CCP replaced its relatively pragmatic early approach with a renewed drive for revolution” (Fenby)
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3
Q

Interpretations
Thought Reform
x2

A
  • “carefully cultivated Auschwitz of the mind” (Dikotter)
  • “mounted to bring intellectuals into line” (Fenby)
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4
Q

Interpretations
1st Five Year Plan
x1

A
  • “a formidable achievement” (Spence)
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5
Q

Interpretations
Five Antis
x3

A
  • “an opportunity to pulverise China’s capitalists politically” (Gray)
  • “Many capitalists turned red when the heat went on, silently, like lobsters put in hot water” (Terrill)
  • “the so-called tigers had been declawed” (Ryan)
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6
Q

Interpretations
Early Communist Rule
x5

A
  • “governed honestly and efficiently for the first time in modern Chinese history” (Meisner)
  • “dedicated government” (Fairbank)
  • “brought order and discipline to their environment” (Escherick)
  • “one of the worst tyrannies in the history of the twentieth century” (Dikotter)
  • “guided by pragmatic considerations” (Moise)
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7
Q

Interpretations
Hundred Flowers Campaign
x4

A
  • “an extraordinary response… that demonstrated Mao’s naïvety and then his utter ruthlessness” (Fenby)
  • Mao was determined for his “garden to bloom” (Ryan)
  • “Mao had hoped for moderate criticism of the details, not the fundamentals” (Mitter)
  • “started as an attempt to bridge the gap between the Party and the people… became a trap” (Short)
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8
Q

Interpretations
Great Leap Forward
x4

A
  • “not based on sound economic analysis but from the air of a whim” (Lynch)
  • “on an adrenaline high pumped up by the limitless vista of a bright Communist future” (Short)
  • “a revolutionary project… to remake the world” (Karl)
  • “‘utopian’ in nature from the beginning” + “assumed that failure in the end was inevitable” (Meisner)
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9
Q

Interpretations
High Tide of Collectivisation
x1

A
  • “electrifying effect” (Ryan)
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10
Q

Interpretations
People’s Communes
x3

A
  • “The state had become the ultimate landlord” (Fairbank)
  • “aim was to make slave driving more efficient” (Chang and Halliday)
  • “many ordinary people were genuinely enthusiastic for the People’s Communes” (Ryan)
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11
Q

Interpretations
Statistics in the Great Leap Forward
x2

A
  • “disregard for reality” (Chang)
  • “the lies became more and more fantastic, a ghastly parody of Chinese Whispers” (Becker)
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12
Q

Interpretations
Backyard Furnace
x1

A
  • “The country looked as though it had been picked clean by iron-eating ants” (Salisbury)
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13
Q

Interpretations
Lushan Plenum
x2

A
  • “Mao turned his brand of brothers into a claque, clapping hands and nodding heads like mechanical dolls” (Salisbury)
  • “When Mao insisted that he was, metaphorically, well clothed … few besides Peng cared to contradict him” (Lee)
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14
Q

Interpretations
Three Bad Years’ Famine
x3

A
  • “an all-time first-class manmade famine” (Fairbank)
  • “a Mao-made catastrophe” (Fairbank)
  • “in terms of sheer numbers, no other event comes close” (Becker)
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15
Q

Interpretations
Socialist Education Movement
x1

A
  • “a hardship to be endured rather than an experience to be cherished” (Hsu)
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16
Q

Interpretations
Cultural Revolution
x6

A
  • “a campaign of cataclysmic proportions” (Ryan)
  • “extraordinary revolutionary movement against revisionist influences” (Ryan)
  • “political storm of dizzying complexity” (Ryan)
  • “a power struggle fought at the top” (Leys)
  • “many impulses at once feeding and impeding each other” (Spence)
  • Mao “wanted to achieve revolutionary immortality” (Liftan)
17
Q

Interpretations
Red Guards
x2

A
  • “Mao’s arse kickers” (Jocelyn)
  • “had widespread support… which left many youths as if they had the best days of their lives” (Mitter)
18
Q

Interpretations
Little Red Book
x1

A
  • “a weapon of mass instruction” (Cook)
19
Q

Interpretations
Mao’s Good Swim
x2

A
  • “get back into the swim of things” (Craddock)
  • Demonstrate Mao was “in fine health and more ready than ever before to steer China through revolutionary waters” (Ryan)
20
Q

Interpretations
Reasons for Red Guard Violence
x2

A
  • “repressed, angry and aware of their powerlessness” (Spence)
  • “responding to social and human elements that had little to do with ideology” (Fenby)
21
Q

Interpretations
Impact of Cultural Revolution
x4

A
  • “left an enduring legacy of social justice, feminist ideals and even many democratic principles” (Feigon)
  • “an inspiration to many” (Karl)
  • “China’s greatest experiment in participatory democracy” (Kraus)
  • Rural areas: “real social and economic gains were made” (Ryan)
22
Q

Interpretations
Cleansing the Class Ranks
x2

A
  • “neighbours killing neighbours” (Dikotter)
  • “most violent aspect of the Cultural Revolution” (Kraus)
23
Q

Interpretations
May Seventh Schools
x1

A
  • “as much prisons as schools” (Spence)
24
Q

Interpretations
January Storm
x1

A
  • “a bewildering situation” (Spence)