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Peds III > Child evolution II > Flashcards

Child evolution II Flashcards

1
Q

Boys have more muscle in the _____ area

A

scapula

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2
Q

Girls have more fat at the ___ area

A

pelvic

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3
Q

Boys height at 6 years old?

A

121 cm

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4
Q

Boys height at 9 years old?

A

140 cm

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5
Q

Boys height at 12 years old?

A

154 cm

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6
Q

Girls height at 6 years old?

A

119 cm

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7
Q

Girls height at 9 years old?

A

137 cm

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8
Q

Girls height at 12 years old?

A

157 cm

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9
Q

Speed of growth (height) in children?

A

5-6 cm until puberty

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10
Q

A constant variation in speed of height growth can indicate..?

A

pathology

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11
Q

At what age are boys taller? Girl?

A
  • 6-9 the boys are taller
  • 9-12 girls are taller because of
    puberty
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12
Q

What is the growth rate at puberty?

A

10-13cm/year

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13
Q

When do girls go through puberty?

A

11-15 years old

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14
Q

When do boys go through puberty?

A

12-16 years old

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15
Q

What are the stages of puberty for girls? (3)

A
  1. Telarchy
  2. Pubarchy
  3. Menarchy
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16
Q

What is telarchy? (3)

A

1st stage of puberty in girls

  • breast development
  • max growth of 10-12cm / year
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17
Q

What is pubarchy? (3)

A

2nd stage of puberty

  • axilla and pubic hair
  • 10cm/year growth
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18
Q

What is menarchy? (3)

A

3rd stage of puberty

  • first menstruation
  • residual growth (3-4cm/year for 1-2 years)
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19
Q

How many stages of puberty do boys have?

A

3

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20
Q

What occurs during the first stage of puberty in boys? (2)

A

Increase in body fat and muscle mass

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21
Q

What occurs during the second stage of puberty in boys?

A

appearance of secondary sexual characters

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22
Q

What occurs during the 3rd stage of puberty in boys?

A

Increase in height (10-15cm more than girls)

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23
Q

Puberty: proportions?

A

Head and neck proportions start to look like those
in the adult thanks to the great growth of the trunk
and limbs

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24
Q

boys weight 6 years old?

A

24kg

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25
Q

Girls weight 6 years old?

A

23kg

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26
Q

Boys weight 9 years old?

A

33kg

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27
Q

Girls weight 9 years old?

A

32kg

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28
Q

Boys weight 12 years old?

A

44kg

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29
Q

Girls weight 12 years old?

A

45kg

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30
Q

there are bigger variations in ____ than ____ (height/weight)

A

BIGGER VARIATIONS IN THE WEIGHT THAN THE HEIGHT

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31
Q

Increase in weight during puberty?

A

3.5kg/year

32
Q

When do boys weigh more than girls?

A

6-9 years old boys weigh more

9-12 years old girls weigh more

33
Q

Physical changes in the heart during puberty? (3)

A
  • There is an increase of the arterial tension
  • There is a decrease in the heart rate rate
  • Both become more similar to the adult values
34
Q

Lymphatic tissue growth?

A

Big growth of the lymphatic tissue until puberty

35
Q

Cranial changes in children 6-12 years old? (2)

A
  • at age 10: 96% of skull growth achieved, looking similar to an adults skull
  • suture closure at puberty
36
Q

Which facial third grows at ages 6-12?

A

lower third

37
Q

Which bones grow from ages 6-12? (4)

A
  • nasal bones
  • mandible and maxilla
  • malar bones
  • alveolar processes
38
Q

How does the face grow from age 6-12?

A

Downward and forward balacing facial proportions

39
Q

When do boys weigh more than girls?

A

6-9 years old boys weigh more

9-12 years old girls weigh more

40
Q

Physical changes in the heart during puberty? (3)

A
  • There is an increase of the arterial tension
  • There is a decrease in the heart rate rate
  • Both become more similar to the adult values
41
Q

Lymphatic tissue growth?

A

Big growth of the lymphatic tissue until puberty

42
Q

Cranial changes in children 6-12 years old? (2)

A
  • at age 10: 96% of skull growth achieved, looking similar to an adults skull
  • suture closure at puberty
43
Q

Which facial third grows at ages 6-12?

A
  • Middle and lower third increase

- lower third increases more

44
Q

Which bones grow from ages 6-12? (4)

A
  • nasal bones
  • mandible and maxilla
  • malar bones
  • alveolar processes
45
Q

How does the face grow from age 6-12?

A

Downward and forward balancing facial proportions

46
Q

How does the maxilla grow from age 6-12?

A
  • Grows to make space for the permanent molars

- sagittal growth is the biggest

47
Q

How does the mandible grow from age 6-12? (4)

A
  • downward and forward
  • body grows more than the ramus
  • condyle becomes rounder
  • TMJ almost reaches its final shape
48
Q

How does the facial appearance change from ages 6-12?

A
  • more convex face
  • bigger nose
  • eyes closer together and smaller
  • bigger facial balance
49
Q

Cognitive changes from age 6-12? (4)

A
  • Complete development of the central nervous system: Great mental capacity.
  • School attendance
  • Logic thinking
  • They are aware of everything
50
Q

Best age for dental treatment (if they collaborate)?

A

11-12 years old

51
Q

When does permanent dentition being to erupt?

A

6 years old

52
Q

When is enamel completely formed?

A

8 years old

53
Q

When does a child only have permanent dentition?

A

12 years old

54
Q

Permanent teeth characteristics? (3)

A
  • more yellow
  • developmental lobes in incisal borders
  • apex closes 3-4 years after eruption
55
Q

The eruptive sequence occurs ___ months in girls before boys

A

3-7 months

56
Q

The eruptive sequence occurs ___ months in the mandible before the maxilla

A

5-7 months

57
Q

Caries: we must control the ____ for the 1st upper permanent molars

A

palatal pit

58
Q

Caries: we must control the ____ for the 1st lower permanent molars

A

buccal pit

59
Q

Caries: we must control the upper incisors ______

A

cingulum

60
Q

Caries: we must control the ___ of all teeth

A

interproximal surfaces

61
Q

What treatment do we do in temporary dentition if there is reversible pulpitis and only the coronal pulp is affected?

A

Pulpotomy

62
Q

What treatment do we do in temporary dentition if there is irreversible coronal pulpitis and the radicular pulp is affected?

A

pulpectomy

63
Q

What treatment do we do in temporary dentition if there is necrosis with big abscess, mobility, and affecting the permanent tooth germ?

A

Extraction and space maintainer

64
Q

What treatment do we do in permanent dentition if there is caries near pulp with no pulp exposure?

A

indirect pulp capping

65
Q

What treatment do we do in permanent dentition if there is less than 1mm and less than 24 hours? No symptoms of pulp affectation

A

direct pulp capping

66
Q

What treatment do we do in permanent dentition if there is less than 1mm and more than 24 hours? only coronal pulp affectation and OPEN APEX?

A

pulpotomy/apexogenesis

67
Q

What treatment do we do in permanent dentition with irreversible pulpitis or necrosis and and open apex?

A

Apexification

68
Q

What treatment do we do in permanent dentition with necrosis and and open apex?

A

Revascularization

69
Q

What causes space problems in children’s teeth? (5)

A
  • interproximal caries
  • osteodental discrepancies
  • agenesis
  • supernumerary teeth
  • ectopic eruption
70
Q

What habits can contribute to malocclusions? (4)

A
  • Atypical swallowing
  • Digital suction
  • Pacifier
  • Oral breathing
71
Q

Bite wings help check for… (4)

A
  • Interproximal caries
  • Furcation lesions
  • Root lesions: Resorption
  • Old treatment supervision
72
Q

Panoramic /perioapical xrays check for …? (4)

A
  • Eruptive sequence (favorable or not)
  • Agenesis or supernumerary
  • Impacted teeth
  • Cysts, dislacerations
73
Q

Pediatric dentist’s goals? (5)

A 
1st- Supervise eruption
2nd- Prevention
3rd- Restorative treatment
4th- Orthodontic treatment
5th- others
74
Q

What percent of fluoride do we use for weekly rinses?

A

0.2%

75
Q

What percent of fluoride do we use for daily rinses?

A

0.05%

Peds III (9 decks)

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