Child evolution I Flashcards
Factors that affect the mother during pregnancy? (6)
- Inheritance
- Parents age
- Tobacco, drugs and radiation
- Socioeconomic and environmental level
- Multiple pregnancies
- Stress
From ages 0-6 the child goes through these different changes: (4)
- Physical
- Cognitive
- Emotional
- Social
Pregnancy can be divided into 3 stages:
- Germinal stage (0-3rd week)
- Embryonic stage (4th-8th week)
- Fetal period (from the 9th week)
When is the germinal stage of pregnancy?
0-3rd week
When is the embryonic stage of pregnancy?
4th-8th week
When is the fetal period stage of pregnancy?
form the 9th week onwards
What occurs during the embryonic stage? (2)
great cell differentiation
and the organs appear
What occurs during the fetal stage of pregnancy?
- Very fast growth
How big is a child at less than 3 months? (2)
- Measures 50cm
- weighs 3.5 kg
How big is a child during fetal stage of pregnancy? (3)
At week 28:
- measures 35cm
- weighs 1000 grams
What happens with a baby’s weight 10 days after birth?
they recuperate the weight lost during the
delivery (150/250gr)
When a child is less than 3 months old, the head is ______ the body’s length with….? (4)
- head is 1/4th the body’s length
- have big eyes
- small nose
- no chin
During the first 2 months of life, there is very fast growth of _____g/day
30
When does a baby grow 30g/day?
first 2 months of life
When does a child’s crying reach its maximum?
6 weeks
When is it important to have the mother-son bond? why?
less than 3 months
for correct future behavior
When does a child have the neck tonic reflex?
At 3 months old
What is the neck tonic reflex?
Baby having the capacity to keep their head up
What is characteristic of a healthy 3 month old? (3)
- more mobility
- smiles
- makes sounds
What reflexes disappear at 3 months old?
- walking/stepping reflex (primitive reflex)
- Palmar grasp reflex
What emotions does a 6 month old show? (4)
- happiness
- discomfort
- fear
- shyness
What can a 6 month do physically? (4)
- Sit without support (bigger muscular capacity)
- able to play with their hands and feet
- maintain weight on their hands
- chewing (first primary teeth start to erupt)
Characteristics of a 8-9 year old? (2)
- They learn to stand up and wander with help.
- They learn how to grasp with the thumb
What can a 1 year old do mentally/emotionally?
- understand and speak 2-3 words
- get angry when separated from parents
What can a 1 year old do physically? (3)
- able to crawl (better motor abilities )
- stop putting objects in mouth
- pincer grasp appears and there is bone and visual maturation
Dental treatment of a 1 year old? (4)
- Short and simple, no communication
- Cannot expect a rational response
- Parents cooperation is really important
- Avoid harming with any object.
What can a 2 year old do physically?
- run, jump, climb
- have short legs, lumbar lordosis and bulging abdomen
- take first steps (12-15 months)
When does a child take their first steps?
12-15 months
What can a 2 year old do mentally/emotionally? (3)
- 75% of their intracranial brain volume is achieved
- copy parents and older siblings to learn
- learn in cause-effect way
How does a 2 year old talk? (2)
- vocabulary of 15-20 words
- make 2 word sentences
How do we treat a 2 year old?
- Same as 1 year old
- possible that the child resists
- communicate using senses
- simple communication
- take advantage of lapses of attention
