Child development and mental health

Question 1

Describe the psychological consequences of child abuse

Answer 1

Major cause of mental ill health and maladjustment
Long term maltreatment shown to cause damage to neuroendocrine systems, cell loss and delays in myelination in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex,as well as chronic inflammatory state. Increase inflammatory markers CRP, fibrinogen and pro inflammatory cytokines
Conduct disorder
PTSD
Depression
Substance use
obesity
aggressive behaviour
heightened autonomic arousal
Anxiety 
Dissociative reaction and Hysterical symptoms
Disturbance in sexual behaviours
eating disorders
Suicidal behaviours
IHD, liver, adolescent pregnancy, COPD, fatal death and skeleltal fractures.
Memory problems

Question 2

Cause of disrupted attachment in childhood

Answer 2

prenatal or birth trauma that affects their ability to develop functional bonds.
disruptive bonding and attachment due to external circumstances. Which results in time away from primary carer. The child feelings of rejection and his perceived betrayal of baby parent relationship that creates the disruption in attachment