child development

Question 1

Erikson’s eight stages of life span development

Answer 1

1. trust vs mistrust
2. autonomy vs shame & doubt
3. initiative vs guilt
4. industry vs inferiority
5. identity vs role confusion
6. intimacy vs isolation
7. generativity vs stagnation
8. integrity vs despair

Question 2

the conflict of trust vs mistrust

Answer 2

children develop a sense of trust when caregivers provide reliability, care, and affection, a lack of this will lead to mistrust

Question 3

the conflict of autonomy vs shame/doubt

Answer 3

children need to develop a sense of independence in many tasks

Question 4

the conflict of initiative vs guilt

Answer 4

children need to take initiative on some activities, may develop guilt when unsuccessful or boundaries overstepped

Question 5

the conflict of industry vs inferiority

Answer 5

children develop self-confidence in abilities or sense of inferiority when not

Question 6

the conflict of identity vs confusion

Answer 6

teens need to develop a sense of self and personal identity, usually through experimentation

Question 7

the conflict of intimacy vs isolation

Answer 7

establishing intimacy and relationships with others, or being alone

Question 8

the conflict of generativity vs stagnation

Answer 8

contribute to society, be part of a family or not achieve anything

Question 9

the conflict of integrity vs despair

Answer 9

assess and make sense of life and meaning of contributions

Question 10

the areas related to child development from a psychological perspective

Answer 10

• attachment
• cognitive development
• language development
• social development
• moral development

Question 11

assimilation

Answer 11

process of matching external reality to an existing cognitive structure

Question 12

accommodation

Answer 12

when there’s an inconsistency between the learner’s cognitive structure & the thing being learned the child will reorganize his thoughts

Question 13

Piaget’s four stages of cognitive development

Answer 13

1. sensorimotor
2. pre-operational
3. concrete operational
4. formal operational

Question 14

stage where the child explores the world through senses & motor activity, experiences object permanence, and begins to understand cause & effect

Answer 14

sensorimotor

Question 15

stage where the child has better speech communication, can imagine the future & reflect on the past, develops basic numerical abilities, can’t understand conservation of matter, and has difficulty distinguishing fantasy from reality?

Answer 15

preoperational thinking

Question 16

stage where the child develops abstract reasoning ability & ability to generalize from the concrete, and understands conservation of matter?

Answer 16

concrete operational thinking

Question 17

stage where the teen becomes able to think about hypothetical situations, form & test hypotheses, organize information, and reason scientifically?

Answer 17

formal operational thinking

Question 18

development happens from one stage to another through ______?

Answer 18

interaction with the environment