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MD4003 > Chest X-ray > Flashcards

Chest X-ray Flashcards

1
Q

What can a deviated trachea TOWARDS the pathology suggest?

A
  • Collapsed lung

- Lobectomy

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2
Q

What can a deviated trachea AWAY from the pathology suggest?

A
  • Tension pneumothorax

- Effusion

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3
Q

When does the trachea bifurcate (carina)?

A

T4

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4
Q

What rib should the dome of the right diaphragm be on inspiration?

A

Between 5th and 6th ribs

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5
Q

What can over-expanded lungs suggest?

A
  • Emphysema
  • Acute asthma
  • Bronchiolitis
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6
Q

What does absent lung fields suggest?

A

Pneumothorax

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7
Q

What 3 things does lung opacities suggest?

A
  1. Pneumonia
  2. TB
  3. Pulmonary oedema
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8
Q

What 3 things does an enlarged heart (>50% of thorax) suggest?

A
  1. Heart failure
  2. Hypertension
  3. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
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9
Q

What does a stomach bubble in the left chest above the diaphragm suggest?

A

Diaphragmatic rupture following trauma or congenital diaphragmatic hernia

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10
Q

What does free air below the right diaphragm suggest?

A

Escaped air/gas from ruptured hollow abdominal viscus

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11
Q

What are 2 possible causes of surgical emphysema?

A
  1. Trauma

2. Severe asphyxia

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12
Q

What 2 things do calcium deposits in great vessels suggest?

A
  1. Atheroma

2. Atherosclerosis

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13
Q

List some potential causes of widened mediastinum?

A
  1. Adenopathy- sarcoid, TB, tumour
  2. Aortic dissection- following trauma, atherosclerotic disease/hypertension or associated with Marfan’s/Turner’s syndrome
  3. Mediastinal emphysema- asthma, asphyxia, ruptured trachea/oesophagus
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14
Q

What 3 types of injury can a plain chest x-ray show?

A
  1. Pneumothorax
  2. Lung contusion
  3. Haemothorax
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15
Q

What 4 types of lung pathology can a plain chest x-ray show?

A
  1. Infection (pneumonia, TB)
  2. Tumour (primary, secondary)
  3. Inflammation (alveolitis)
  4. Swallowed foreign body
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16
Q

What 2 types of mediastinal pathology can a plain chest x-ray show?

A
  1. Enlarged glands (lymphoma, sarcoid)

2. Pneumomediastinum (asthma, ruptured oesophagus)

17
Q

What 4 types of cardiac pathology can a plain chest x-ray show?

A
  1. Heart size
  2. Abnormal chamber size
  3. Calcification of valves
  4. Pulmonary oedema
18
Q

What 3 other things can a plain chest x-ray show?

A
  1. Position of chest drains, long lines, feeding tubes, endotracheal tubes etc.
  2. Air under diaphragm in perforated hollow abdominal viscus
  3. Rickets, bone metastasis
19
Q

What type of imaging is the 1st choice for thoracic tumours?

A

MRI

20
Q

List the 5 clinical features on a chest x-ray for interstitium pulmonary oedema (ABCDE)?

A
  1. Alveolar oedema (bat wings)
  2. kerley B lines
  3. Cardiomegaly
  4. upper lobe Diversion
  5. pleural Effusion

MD4003 (22 decks)

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