Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

medicine > chest pain > Flashcards

chest pain Flashcards

1
Q

Acute, potentially life-threatening condition that warrants urgent evaluation and management

A

Unstable ischemic heart disease, aortic dissection, pneumothorax, pulmonary embolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

chronic condition likely to lead serious complications?

A

Stable angina, aortic stenosis, pulmonary hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

due to an acute condition that warrants specific treatment

A

pericarditis, pneumonia/pleuritis, herpes zoster

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

another treatable chronic condition

A

Esophageal reflux, esophageal spasm, PUD, Gallbladder disease, other GI conditions, cervical disk disease, arthritis of the shoulder or spine, costochronditis, anxiety, other musculoskeleteal disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cardiovascular risk actors

A

hypertension, DM, dyslipidemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

marfan syndrome

A

Acute aortic syndrome, spontaneous pneumothorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Thrombotic risk factors

A

Malignancy, thrombophilia, recent surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

significant tachycardia and hypotension are indicative of:

A

Acute MI with cardiogenic shock, massive pulmonary embolism, pericarditis with tamponade, tension pneumothorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

tachycardia may be the only significant finding

A

Submassive pulmonary embolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pulmonary exam:

Pulmonary edema

A

Left ventricular dysfunction
Acute valvular complications of MI
Aortic dissection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

useful in checking for right-sided heartfailure

A

jugular venous pulse

-normal in px wit AMI but may reveal characteristic patterns with: Pericardial tamponade, acute right ventricular dysfunctions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

mechanical complications of STEMI

A

mitral regurgitation or ventricular septal defect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

complication of proximal aortic dissection

A

murmur of aortic insufficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

tenderness in epigastric area

A

acute pancreatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

tenderness in right upper quadrant

A

right ventricular dysfunction due to hepatic congestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

pulse deficits

A

chronic atherosclerosis– coronary artery disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

loss of the pulse and pallor

A

acute limb ischemia– aortic dissection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

unilateral lower extremity swelling

A

venous thromboembolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

sensory deficits

A

cervical disk diseases

20
Q

precipitated by an imbalance between myocardial oxygen and supply

A

myocardial ischemia/injury

21
Q

may be elevated by increases in heart rate, ventricular wall stress and myocardial contractility

A

myocardial oxygen consumption

22
Q

is determined by coronary blood flow and coronary arterial oxygen content

A

myocardial oxygen supply

23
Q

cardiac vagal afferent fibers synapse in the nucleus tractus solitarius of the medulla and then descend to the ________, and this route may contribute to anginal pain experienced in the neck and jaw

A

upper cervical spinothalamic tract

24
Q

caused by atheromatous plaque

A

Ischemic heart disease

25
Q

results from the gradual atherosclerotic narrowing of the coronary arteries

A

stable angina

26
Q

occurs when rupture or erosion of one or more atherosclerotic lesion triggers coronary thrombosis

A

unstable ischemic heart disease

-classified clinically by the presence or absence of detectable myocardial injury and the presence or absence of ST-segment elevation

27
Q

marked by ischemic symptoms at rest, with minimal activity, or in an accelerating pattern

A

Acute coronary atherothrombosis

28
Q

when there is evidence myocardial necrosis with or without ST abnormalities. Increase in troponin level

A

NSTEMI

29
Q

overlapping sensory supply of central diaphragm with somatic sensory fibers from the 3rd to 5th cervical segments

A

neck and shoulder pain

30
Q

involves a tear in the aortic intima

A

acute aortic dissection

31
Q

severe, sudden in onset, and sometimes described as “tearing” in quality

A

acute aortic syndrome

32
Q

pain in the midline of the anterior chest

A

ascending aorta

33
Q

pain in the back

A

descending aortic syndromes

34
Q

compromise of the aortic ostia of the coronary arteries

A

MI

35
Q

disruption of the aortic valve

A

acute aortic insufficiency

36
Q

rupture of the hematoma in the pericardial space

A

pericardial tamponade

37
Q

scoring system that tell us the probability that the pain may be due to pulmonary embolism

A

modified well criteria

low probability–> request for d dimer
moderate to high probability–> CT angiogram

38
Q

intense squeezing retrosternal, may be relieved by ntroglycerin or Ca blocker (mimics pain of angina)

A

Esophageal spasm

39
Q

GERD and esophageal dysmotility

A

burning

40
Q

pain in dermatomal area

A

herpes zoster

41
Q

HR is more than 100. It can also lead to rightward shift of the ECG axis, the McGinn-white sign, there is a deep S-wave in the lead 1, Q wave in lead 3, and T wave inversion in a lead 3

A

pulmonary embolism

42
Q

most useful for identifying pulmonary processes, such as pneumonia or pneumothorax

A

chest radiography

43
Q

a widened mediastinum is observed

A

Acute aortic dissection

44
Q

A wedge-shaped pleural based infiltrate that’s ocassionally seen with PE

A

Humpton’s hump

45
Q

Enlarged right descending pulmonary artery

A

Palla’s sign

46
Q

calcifications on the pericardial sac on chest xray

A

Pericarditis

47
Q

useful when considered in conjunction with the clinical history and examination for the diagnosis of heart failure

A

B-type natriuretic peptide

medicine (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions