chest conditions/pathology Flashcards
Radiographic appearance of aspiration events
Radiopaque outline
Radiographic appearance of atelectasis
Radiodense lung regions with shift of heart and trachea in severe cases
Radiographic appearance of bronchiectasis
Radiodense lower lungs
Radiographic appearance of bronchitis
Hyperinflation and dominant lung markings of lower lungs
Radiographic appearance of cystic fibrosis
Increased radio densities in specific lung regions
Radiographic appearance of emphysema
Increased lung dimensions, barrel chest, flattened diaphragm, radiolucent lungs
Radiographic appearance of emphysema
Increased lung dimensions, barrel chest, flattened diaphragm, radiolucent lungs
Radiographic appearance of pleural effusion
Increased radio density, air fluid levels, possible mediastinal shift
Radiographic appearance of pneumonia
Patchy infiltrate with increased radiodensity
Radiographic appearance of pneumothorax
Lung seen displaced from chest wall, no lung markings
Radiographic appearance of pulmonary edema
Increase diffuse radio-density in hilar regions, air fluid levels
What is the difference between pleural effusion and pulmonary edema?
Pleural effusion = fluid in pleural cavity
Pulmonary edema = fluid within lungs
Radiographic appearance of primary TB
Small opaque slots throughout lungs, enlargement of hilar region in early stages
Radiographic appearance of secondary TB
Regions of calcifications with cavitations, frequently in area of upper lobes and slices with upward retraction of hila
What is atelectasis?
Collapse of all of a portion of a long
What is bronchitis?
acute or chronic condition in which excessive mucus is secreted into the bronchi causing cough and shortness of breath
What is bronchiectasis?
An irreversible dilation or widening of bronchi or bronchioles that may result from repeated pulmonary infection or obstruction
What is COPD?
a form of persistent obstruction of the airways that causes difficulty emptying the lungs of air, may be cause by emphysema or chronic bronchitis
What is COPD?
a form of persistent obstruction of the airways that causes difficulty emptying the lungs of air, may be cause by emphysema or chronic bronchitis
What does COPD stand for?
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
What is emphysema?
An irreversible and chronic lung condition in which air spaces in the alveoli become greatly enlarged as a result of alveolar wall destruction and loss of elasticity. Air is not easily expelled during expiration.
What is pleurisy?
Inflammation of the pleura surrounding the lungs
What is pneumonia?
Inflammation of the lungs that results in accumulation of fluid within certain sections of the lungs causing increased radio densities in these regions
What is a pneumothorax?
An accumulation of air in the pleural space that causes partial or complete collapse of the lung
Exposure factor adjustment for atelectasis
Increase
Exposure factor adjustment for bronchitis
Generally none
Exposure factor adjustment for emphysema
Significantly decrease dependent on condition
Exposure factor adjustment for pleural effusion
Increase
Exposure factor adjustment for pneumonia
Generally none
Exposure factor adjustment for pneumothorax
Generally none
Exposure factor adjustment for TB
Generally none
