Chepter 11 - Specific Resistance To Infection

Question 1

What is immunity?

Answer 1

Resistance to infection by invading micro-organisms

Question 2

What is the immune response?

Answer 2

A homeostatic mechanism that helps deal with the invasion of micro-organisms and restore the internal environment to its normal conditions

Question 3

What are the two parts of the immune response?

Answer 3

Antibody mediated response

Cell mediated response

Question 4

What are the two types of lymphocytes involved in the immune response?

Answer 4

• T-cells

- B-cells

Question 5

Where are B-cells and T- cells produced?

Answer 5

In the bone marrow

Question 6

What is the maturation process of T- cells?

Answer 6

They mature in the thymus before moving to the lymphoid tissue

Question 7

What is the maturation process of B - cells?

Answer 7

They mature in the bone marrow and move to become a part of lymphoid tissue

Question 8

What is an antigen?

Answer 8

Any substance capable of causing a specific immune response

Question 9

What are antigens made of?

Answer 9

Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids or nucleic acids

Question 10

What are self-antigens?

Answer 10

Large molecules produced in a persons own body that do not cause an immune response

Question 11

What are non-self antigens?

Answer 11

Foreign compounds that do trigger an immune response

Question 12

What is an antibody?

Answer 12

A specialised protein that is produced in response to a non-self antigen

Question 13

What group of proteins do antibodies belong to?

Answer 13

Immunoglobulins

Question 14

What is a primary response?

Answer 14

The name of the immune response on the first exposure to an antigen

Question 15

What is passive natural immunity?

Answer 15

Antibodies enter the bloodstream through breast milk or the placenta

Question 16

What is active natural immunity?

Answer 16

The ability to manufacture antibodies results from an attack of a disease

Question 17

What is passive artificial immunity?

Answer 17

Antibodies are injected into the bloodstream

Question 18

What is active artificial immunity?

Answer 18

The ability to manufacture antibodies results from being given an antigen by vaccination

Question 19

What occurs in a secondary response?

Answer 19

Plasma cells are able to from very rapidly, with antibody levels in the blood plasma rising rapidly.

Question 20

Why are B-cells and T-cells named so?

Answer 20

B-cells mature in the bone marrow and T-cells mature in the thymus.