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Past Paper Qs > ChemPath > Flashcards

ChemPath Flashcards

1
Q

Low Na, Normal Osmo

A

Pseudo-hyponatraemia

- hyperlipid/hyperprot

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2
Q

hyponat, Urine osmo >20

A

renal cause hyponat (CKD, diuretics)

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3
Q

hyperpigmentation, Hyponat, hyperkal

A

Addisons

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4
Q

hyponat with inappropriately high urine osmo

A

SIADH

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5
Q

hyponat with raised plasma osmo

A

ethanol, glucose, mannitol

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6
Q

hyperkalaemia + deranged urea/creatinine levels

A

Renal failure

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7
Q

Hypokalaemia, calcium in urine, hypotension

In babies

A

Bartter syndro

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8
Q

hypokalaemia with acidosis

A

renal tubular acidosis

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9
Q

rises in GGT and ALP that are greater than the rises in AST/ALT

A

cholestasis (from gallstones)

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10
Q

Normal LFTs, isolated rise in unconjugated bilirubinaemia, normal conjugated bilirubinaemia

A

Gilbert syndro

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11
Q

raised AST and ALT levels (AST:ALT ratio <1), Inc GGT

Normla BIlirubin/albumin

A

NAFLD

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12
Q

AST and ALT >1000, AST/ALT higher than GGT and ALP

A

hepatic pathilogy - paracetamol poisoning?

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13
Q

Hyponat, Hyperkal, +ve short synthacthen

Long synthACTHen - cortisol <900 after 24 hrs

A

primary adrenal insuff (addisons)

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14
Q

hyponat, hyperkal, +ve short synthacth,

Long synACTHen - cortison >900 after 24hrs

A

secondary adrenal insufficiency

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15
Q

Normal calcium bone studies, isolated rise in ALP

A

Paget’s

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16
Q

Inc PTH, low/inappropriately normal Ca, inc ALP

A

Osteomalacia

17
Q

dec PTH, hypocal, hyperphos

A

pri hypoparathyroidism

18
Q

bone disease with normal bone studies

A

Osteoporosis

19
Q

raised amylase in child with parotitis

20
Q

causes of raised amyllase

A

inflam of parotid glands, pancreatitis

21
Q

Bence-Jones plasma protein

22
Q

CA125

A

Ovarian cancer

23
Q

low plasma ceruloplasmin levels

A

wilsons disease

24
Q

raised alpha fetoprotein

A

hepatocellular carcinoma

germ cell tumours

25
Q

raised plasma albumin

A

dehydration

26
Q

low plasma albumin

A

liver disease, nephrotic syndro, malabs

27
Q

corrected Ca calculation

A

Serum Ca + 0.02 x(40-serum albumin)

NB low albumi -> low bound Ca, normal Free Ca

28
Q

Osteonec of jaw

A

bisphosphonate treatment (alendronate)

29
Q

ECG - early peaked t waves, broad QRS, flat P waves

30
Q

Inc ALT > inc ASP > inc GGT + ALP

A

hep (prob viral)

31
Q

Inc ASP > inc ALT > inc GGT + ALP

32
Q

isolated rise in unconjugate bilirubin, Normal ALP/ALT etc

A

Gilbret’s syndro

33
Q

ALP v raised on its own, other results normal

Hx of headaches

34
Q

blood tests show hypoketotic hypoglycaemia

35
Q

high phelyalanine levels in blood

retardation

36
Q

AKI, inc anion gap, calcium oxalate crystals in urine

A

ethylene glycol poisoning

37
Q

vitamine def

anaemia, poor coordination, absent reflexes

38
Q

vitamine def

being treated for TB, dev rash on skin

39
Q

hyponat, urine Cosmo <20, ankle oedema

A

congestive cardiac F

Past Paper Qs (9 decks)

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