Chemotherapy III Antitumor Agents Flashcards
Doxorubicin MOA
Intercalation between base pairs of DNA leading to strand breaks due to inhibition of topoisomerase II
Doxorubicin SE
- Cardiac toxicity : congestive cardiomyopathy.
- Nausea and vomiting and hair loss, stomatitis.
- Myelosuppression is dose limiting toxicity.
Topoisomerase I
Single strand DNA breaks: relaxation of the strand and re-anneal the strands.
Topoisomerase II
Double strand breaks in the DNA: relaxation and re-anneal the strands of DNA.
Doxorubicin Indications
Breast cancer, leukemia, sarcoma, Hodgkin’s and Non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma
What is thought to be the mechanism behind cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin?
Free radical damage
Irinotecan MOA
Topoisomerase I inhibition leading to single strand breaks in the DNA.
Irinotecan SE
- Nausea, vomiting and myelosuppression (dose limiting), stomatitis and hair loss
- Early cholinergic diarrhea
- Late secretory diarrhea
Irinotecan Indications
GI tract cancers
Bleomycin MOA
Binds to DNA, free radical production leading to single and double strand DNA breaks. The bleomycin-iron form is the active species.
Bleomycin SE
Pulmonary toxicity is a cumulative toxicity
Bleomycin Indications
Testicular cancer
What phase of the cell cycle does bleomycin act in?
G2-M phase
What are the uses of prednisone in chemotherapy?
Prednisone in high doses for lymphoma and multiple myeloma
What is the use of tamoxifen in chemotherapy?
It can be used to treat and prevent breast cancer