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Chemisty Flashcards

1
Q

How particles arranged

A

Solid - ordered

Liquid and gas - random

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2
Q

How particles move
Solid
Liquid
Gas

A

Solid - vibrate only

Liquid - move freely

Gas - move fairly freely

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3
Q

Why do liquids and gases take the shape of their container

A

Particles can move around

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4
Q

Why do solids not take the shape of their container

A

Particles cannot move around

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5
Q

Why can gases be squashed easily

A

There are big spaces between the particles which can be pushed closer together

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6
Q

Why can’t solids and liquids be squashed easily

A

Particles are close so cannot be pushed closer together

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7
Q

Liquid to solid

A

Freezing

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8
Q

Solid to liquid

A

Melting

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9
Q

Liquid to gas

A

Evaporation

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10
Q

Gas to liquid

A

Condensation

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11
Q

Solid to gas

A

Sublimation

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12
Q

Gas to solid

A

Deposition

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13
Q

In an atom where are all the
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Nucleus

A

Protons, nucleus - in the center

Electrons - on the outer lines

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14
Q

Relative mass/charge of
Proton
Electron
Neutron

A

Relative mass
Proton, neutron - 1
Electron - 0

Charge
Proton +
Neutron I
Electron -

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15
Q

Why are atoms always neutral

A

The number of electrons in an atom is always equal to the number of protons

So an atom as a whole is electrically neutral

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16
Q

Mon-

Di/bi-

Tri-

A

Mono - 1

Bi - 2

Tri - 3

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17
Q

SO3

NO

NO2

A

SO3 - sulphur trioxide

NO - Nitrogen monoxide

NO2 - Nitrogen Dioxide

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18
Q

What elements would you react together to make iron oxide

A

Iron and oxygen

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19
Q

Atoms in

CO2
CuSO4

A

CO2 - 1 carbon 2 oxygen

CuSO4 - 1 copper 1 sulphur 4 oxygen

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20
Q

Stoichiometry

A

Chemical quantites in chemistry

where ratio of amounts of each substance in a chemical reaction is balanced

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21
Q

What do word equationss represent

A

Changes that happen in chemical reactions using names of substances involved

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22
Q

What do Balanced chemical equations represent

A

Represent changes that happen in chemical reactions

using formulae of the reactants and products

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23
Q

Molar mass

A

Mass of 1 mole that substance equal to

Relative atomic mass
Relative formula mass

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24
Q

Molar mass

SO2

(SO4)3

A

SO2 | 16 + (2x8) = 32

(SO4)3 | S3 + O7

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25
Mole
the unit for amount of substance
26
How to work out | Number of moles of atoms
Mass in grams ____________________ Molar mass of atoms
27
Mass (g)
Molar mass (g/mole) x amount (mol)
28
Avogadro's constant
Number of atoms, molecules or ions in a mole of any substance 23 6.02 x 10 Per mole
29
Reactants
Starting chemicals in a chemical reaction
30
Relative formula mass F2 H2SO4
F2 - 2(19) = 38 H2SO4 - 2(1) + 32 + 4(16)
31
Number of moles in each substance 90.0g of H2O 685g of NH3
90 ➗ 18 = 5 moles 685 ➗ NH3 (10) = 68.5
32
Mass of substances 4.00 moles of N2 0.100 moles of HNO3
4.00 x 28 = 112 0.100 x 63 = 6.30g
33
0.0200 moles of a compound is found to have a mass of 1.64 g Find the formula mass of the compound
1.64 ➗ 0.0200
34
Pure substance
Contains only 1 substance
35
In a graph |_|_| 📈📉 Where is the melting point of the substance
The first _____________
36
What do nucleus of an atom contain
Protons amd neutrons
37
How many electrons 24 Mg 12
12
38
How many moles of helim atoms in 24 2.4 x 10
4.0
39
Names CO
Carbon monoxide
40
Element
Pure substance made of one type of atom
41
Compound
Two or more different elements chemically bonded/joined
42
Mixture
consists of two or more different substances, not chemically joined together
43
Wat does property of substance do
Describe what it looks like and how it behaves
44
What are the states of matter
Solid liquid gas
45
Which states of matter can compress Which states of matter can flow
Compress Solid liquid - no Gas - yes Flow Solid - no Liquid gas - yes
46
Shape Solid Liquid Has
Solid - fixed unless you apply a force Liquid - takes shape of the bottom of its container Gas - takes shape of whole container
47
How draw liquid
Circles that are all touching but move
48
Boiling point
The temperature a substance boils
49
How to measure boiling point
Pour liquid into a beaker Heat liquid and measure temp every min Plot results on a graph
50
When can evaporation occur
Happens at any temperature
51
Force between particles
Solid - strong Liquid - weaker Gas - almost none
52
Energy levels
Solid - little Liquid - some Gas - lots
53
What do horizontal sections on graph show
Energy transferred by heating and not used to change temperature
54
What happens to the particles when ice cube melts and freezes again
Particles in ice gain heat energy and vibrate more a solid changes state and becomes liquid Particles in a liquid lose heat energy and move less quickly Then a liquid changes state and becomes ice
55
Dioxide
2
56
Avogadro's number - how many particles 1 mole 2 mole 0.5 moles 10 mole 48g
1 mole - 6.02 x 10(23) 2 moles - 6.02 x 2 = 1.20 x 10(24) 0.5 moles - 6.02 ➗ 2 = 3.01 x 10(23) 10 moles - 6.02 x 10(23) = 6.02 x 10(24) 48g Magnesium - 1.20 x 10(24)
57
% by mass of O in H2O
16 100 x ___ = 88.9% 18 16 = O 18 = H2O
58
% mass of O in Ca(NO3)2
2(14) 100 x ______ = 17.1% 164
59
Examples of element
N Ag Cl O
60
Examples of compound
CuSO4 Pure water (H2O) Table salt Carbon dioxide
61
Examples of mixture
Soil Seawater Air
62
5 properties of solid
Hard/strong Fixed shape Cannot be compressed (easily) Fixed volume High density
63
5 properties of a liquid
Can flow Shape changes to fill bottom of container Cannot be compressed (easily) Fixed volume High density
64
5 properties of gas
Can flow Shape changes to fill a closed container Can be compressed Variable volume Low density
65
Examples of gas
Air Smoke Steam

Science (6 decks)

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