chemistry - unit 2.3 Flashcards

1
Q

What does the rate of a chemical reaction normally depend on?

A

The concentrations of the reactants.

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2
Q

What are orders of a reaction used for?

A

To relate the rate of a reaction to the reacting species.

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3
Q

If changing the concentration of a reactant A has no effect on the rate of the reaction, what is the reaction with respect to A?

A

Zero order.

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4
Q

If doubling the concentration of a reactant A doubles the rate of the reaction, what is the reaction with respect to A?

A

First order.

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5
Q

If doubling the concentration of a reactant A increases the rate of the reaction fourfold, what is the reaction with respect to A?

A

Second order.

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6
Q

What is the order of a reaction with respect to any one reactant?

A

The power to which the concentration of that reactant is raised in the rate equation.

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7
Q

What is the overall order of a reaction?

A

The sum of all the powers to which the concentrations of the reactants are raised in the rate equation.

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8
Q

How can the order of a reaction be determined from?

A

Only from experimental data.

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9
Q

What can the rate equation and the rate constant, including units, be determined from?

A

Initial rate data for a series of reactions in which the initial concentrations of reactants are varied. These can be zero, first, second or third order.

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10
Q

How do reactions usually occur?

A

By a series of steps called a reaction mechanism.

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11
Q

What is the rate of reaction dependent on?

A

The slowest step, which is called the ‘rate determining step’.

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12
Q

What can be used to determine possible reaction mechanisms?

A

Experimentally determined rate equations.

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