Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CHE BOARD EXAM > CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS > Flashcards

CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS Flashcards

1
Q

Boyle’s Law is also known as ___

A

Mariotte’s Law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Laughing gas formula

A

Nitrous oxide (N2O)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Caustic soda formula

A

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Baking soda formula

A

Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

the pressure that a gas will exert in a container assuming it was alone

A

partial pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Monazite formula

A

PO4SiO4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Nitroglycerin formula

A

C3H5N3O9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cleveite

A

UO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Chlorophyll formula

A

C55H72MgN4O5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

DNA formula

A

C39H50O22N15P3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

it denotes the relative amount of bonds H formed between the atoms of a molecule.

A

Empirical formula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

it denotes the actual number of each atom in a molecule

A

molecular formula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

[True or False]
Density usually decreases with increasing temperature

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of 1 g of liquid water by 1°C.

A

calorie

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The heart of the scientific method is the _____ by collecting facts.

A

testing of hypotheses and theories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

For medical purposes and to measure potential radiation damage, the absorbed dose is measured in ____. Different particles damage body tissues differently; the ___ is a measure of relative damage caused by type of radiation.

A

rads, rem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

_______ is the use of radionuclei for
diagnostic imaging and therapy.

A

Nuclear medicine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

______ is the combining of two lighter nuclei to form a heavier nucleus. The energy released in this process is the energy of our Sun.

A

Nuclear fusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

_______ is the splitting of a heavier nucleus into two or more smaller nuclei.

A

Nuclear fission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What kind of emission does not result in transmutation?

A

Gamma emission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

[True or False] Rates of nuclear reactions are not affected by temperature or catalysts.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

[True or False] Nuclear reactions release so much energy that the mass does change.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

[True or False] Elements typically do change in a nuclear reaction

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Isotope used for cancer therapy

A

Cobalt-60

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Isotope used for heart scanning and exercise stress tests

A

Thallium-201

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Isotope used to measure the water content in the body

A

Tritium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Isotope used for kidney scanning

A

Mercury-197

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Isotope used for medical imaging and eye tumor diagnosis

A

Phosphorus-32

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Why is it accurate to assume that the carbon-14 to carbon-12 ratio in a living plant remains constant over the lifetime of the plant?

A

2 assumptions:
(1) C-14 is continually generated in the upper atmosphere by the production and decay of N-14
(2) C-14 is incorporated into carbon dioxide and other carbon compounds are then distributed worldwide as part of the carbon cycle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Carbon-14 dating of the Shroud of Turin indicated that the plant from which the shroud was made was alive around AD 1350. To how many half-lives does this correspond?

A

a bit more than 10% of the half life of C-14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Half life of C-14

A

5730 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

One sievert is equal to ____ rem

A

100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

[True or False] an isotope is UNSTABLE if it has equal number of protons and neutrons

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

The higher the neutron/proton ratio, the (lower,higher) is the half life of an isotope

A

Lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

An unstable nucleus exhibits ______

A

radioactivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Protons and neutrons, the elementary particles that make up the nucleus, are called ______

A

Nucleons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

A _______ is a nucleus with a particular composition, that is, with specific numbers of the two types of nucleons.

A

Nuclide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

[True or False] Alpha particles are identical to helium-4 nuclei.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

____ particles are high speed electrons while ____ are very high energy photons

A

Beta, gamma rays

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

The decaying, or reactant, nuclide is called the ______; the product nuclide is called the ______.

A

Parent, daughter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

The technique of radiocarbon dating, for which the American chemist __________ won the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1960, is based on measuring the amounts of 14C and 12C in materials of biological origin.

A

Willard F. Libby

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

nuclei of the stable hydrogen isotope deuterium, 2H

A

deuterons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

The world’s most powerful accelerator is the ________ near Geneva, Switzerland

A

Large Hadron Collider (LHC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

The ______ invented by ______ in 1930, applies the principle of the linear accelerator but uses electromagnets to give the particle a spiral path to save space.

A

cyclotron, E. O. Lawrence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

The _______ uses a synchronously increasing magnetic field to make the particle’s path circular rather than spiral.

A

synchrotron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

[True or False] penetrating power is inversely related to the mass, charge, and energy of the emission

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

[True or False] Alpha particles are massive and highly charged, which means that they interact with matter most strongly of the three common emissions.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

[True or False] an external gamma ray source is the most dangerous because the energy can ionize many layers of living tissue.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

A tiny amount of a radioisotope mixed with a large amount of a stable isotope of the same element can act as a ______, a chemical “beacon” emitting radiation that signals the presence of the substance.

A

Tracer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

the energy required to break 1 mol of nuclei into individual nucleons

A

Nuclear binding energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

[True or False] the greater the binding energy per nucleon, the more stable the nuclide is.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

He pointed out that the lack of chemical reactivity of the noble gases (Group 8A) indicates a high degree of stability of their electron configuration

A

Gilbert N. Lewis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

a measure of an atom’s attraction for the electrons it shares in a chemical bond with another atom.

A

Electronegativity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

the most electronegative element

A

Fluorine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

The most widely used scale of electronegativities was devised by ________ in the 1930s. On the scale, fluorine, the most electronegative element, is assigned an electronegativity of 4.0, and all other elements are assigned values relative to fluorine.

A

Linus Pauling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

_____ measures the amount of energy necessary to remove an electron from an atom

A

Ionization energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

_______ measures how tightly an atom holds the electrons that it shares with another atom

A

Electronegativity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Who proposed the theory of resonance?

A

Linus Pauling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

According to this theory, many molecules and ions are best described by writing two or more Lewis structures and considering the real molecule or ion to be a hybrid of these structures.

A

Theory of resonance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

According to this model, the valence electrons of an atom may be involved in the formation of single, double, or triple bonds, or they may be unshared. Each combination creates a negatively charged region of electron density around the nucleus. Because like charges repel each other, the vari- ous regions of electron density around an atom spread out so that each is as far away as possible from the others.

A

valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR) model.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

The ______ states that elements of Groups 1A–7A tend to gain or lose electrons so as to achieve an outer shell containing eight valence electrons.

A

Octet rule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

What are the three main inorganic components of one dry mixture currently used to create synthetic bone?

A

calcium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium phosphate, and calcium carbonate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

What is the medical use of barium sulfate

A

to visualize the gastrointestinal tract by x-ray examination.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

What is the main metal ion present in bone and tooth enamel?

A

Ca2+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

If you read the labels of sun-blocking lotions, you will find that a common UV-blocking agent is a compound containing zinc. Name and write the formula of this zinc-containing compound.

A

Zinc Oxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

We are constantly warned about the dangers of “lead- based” paints. Name and write the formula for a lead- containing compound found in lead-based paints.

A

Lead(IV) oxide and lead(IV) carbonate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Iron forms Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions. Which ion is found in the over-the-counter preparations intended to treat “iron-poor blood”?

A

Fe2+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

Teflon

A

Tetrafluoroethylene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

[True or False] The amount of heat given off or absorbed is proportional to the amount of material.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Major component of natural gas

A

Methane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

Major component of LPG or bottled gas

A

Propane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

Which of the following polymers is the most suitable in creating the most effective bulletproof vest?
A. Polymethacrylate fiber
B. Polyamide fiber
C. Polycarbonate fiber
D. Polyethylene fiber

A

D. Polyethylene fiber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

Used by Kevlar (bulletproof vest)
A. Polymethacrylate fiber
B. Polyamide fiber
C. Polycarbonate fiber
D. Polyethylene fiber

A

B. Polyamide fiber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

Which of the following polymers is a common material of construction for radiation protection
A. Polymethacrylate fiber
B. Polyamide fiber
C. Polycarbonate fiber
D. Polyethylene fiber

A

A. Polymethacrylate fiber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

Which of the following polymers used for bulletproof windows?
A. Polymethacrylate fiber
B. Polyamide fiber
C. Polycarbonate fiber
D. Polyethylene fiber

A

C. Polycarbonate fiber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

Commonly used in identifying the molecular mass (actual MW) of a compound

A

Platinichloride Method

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

“Electron” was coined by _____

A

George Storey

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

He did the oil drop experiment and determined the charge of an electron

A

Robert Millikan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

He proposed that energy like matter is discontinuous

A

Max Planck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

According to ____, a system may possess an infinite amount of energy.

A

Classical Physics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

According to this theory, a system may only possess a finite, discrete amount of energy

A

Quantum Theory

82
Q

The cumulative energy that each particle of a system possesses

A

Internal Energy

83
Q

Van der Waal’s Force is also known as
A. Dispersion force
B. London force
C. Instantaneous induced dipole interaction
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

84
Q

Bonds between atoms

A

Intramolecular forces

85
Q

Bond between molecules

A

Intermolecular forces

86
Q

It occurs on the molecules on the surface of a liquid due to the unbalanced distribution of forces

A

Surface Tension

87
Q

He introduced the concept of entropy

A

Rudolf Clausius

88
Q

A thermodynamic property that measures the various ways in which a systems energy can be dstributed among its components

A

Entropy

89
Q

Proponent of wave-particle duality

A

Albert Einstein

90
Q

The process is _____ when the entropy of the universe is positive while the gibbs free energy of the system is negative
A) Spontaneous
B) Non spontaneous
C) Reversible, equilibrium

A

A) Spontaneous

91
Q

The process is _____ when the entropy of the universe is negative while the gibbs free energy of the system is positive
A) Spontaneous
B) Non spontaneous
C) Reversible, equilibrium

A

B

92
Q

The process is _____ when the entropy of the universe and the gibbs free energy of the system are zero
A) Spontaneous
B) Non spontaneous
C) Reversible, equilibrium

A

C

93
Q

The process involves the addition of infinitesimal amounts of heat to a system that causes incremental changes in its properties

A

Reversible

94
Q

Liquid to vapor phase transition involves ____ enthalpy and ____ entropy
A) positive, negative
B) negative, negative
C) positive, positive
D) negative, positive

A

C

95
Q

It is a measure for the maximum available energy for non-PV work

A

Gibb’s Free Energy

96
Q

[True or False] Colligative properties depend ONLY on the concentration of the solute

A

True

97
Q

The amount of pressure necessary to impede the phenomena of osmosis

A

Osmotic pressure

98
Q

A phenomena of solvent to flow through a semipermeable membrane to equalize the concentration on both sides

A

Osmosis

99
Q

He discovered the noble gases

A

William Ramsey

100
Q

Which of the ff is the third gas that William Ramsay isolated with Morris Travers
A) Argon
B) Neon
C) Krypton
D) Xenon

A

D) Xenon

101
Q

The gas that William Ramsay discovered along with Lord Rayleigh

A

Argon

102
Q

The gas that William Ramsay discovered along with Frederick Soddy

A

Radon “Radium Emanation”

103
Q

Three gases that Ramsay and Travers discovered

A

Neon, Krypton, Xenon

104
Q

A noble gas derived from an ire of uranium (cleveite)

A

Helium

105
Q

How many carbon atoms are there in one molecule of “buckyball”?
A) 20
B)40
C)60
D)80

A

C60

106
Q

Who discovered radioactivity?

A

Henri Becquerel

107
Q

Marie Curie discovered these two elements

A

Polonium and Radium

108
Q

Father of nuclear chemistry

A

Otto Hahn

109
Q

Discovered nuclear fission

A

Otto Hahn

110
Q

Discovered transmutation (the nuclei of an atom will undergo transformation when bombarded w/ a nuclear species

A

Ernest Rutherford

111
Q

Who synthesized the first synthetic transmutated atom

A

Irene Joliot Curie

112
Q

First transmutated atom

A

P-30

113
Q

Which among the following can detect the neutrons produced by U-235 undergoing nuclear fission?
A. A Geiger Counter containing Fluorine Gas
B. A Scintillation Counter containing Zinc Sulfide and Xenon
C: A Geiger Counter containing Argon and Boron trifluoride
D: A Scintillation Counter containing Tungsten Carbide

A

C: A Geiger Counter containing Argon and Boron trifluoride

114
Q

Which among the following is the phosphor of a scintillation counter intended for the detection of gamma radiation?
A: Zinc Sulfide
B: Metastable Technetium-99
C: NaI Crystals containing Thallium (II) Iodide
D: Buckminsterfullerene

A

C: NaI Crystals containing Thallium (II) Iodide

115
Q

Which among the following can cause the greatest damage to a material assuming that all of them can penetrate it equally?
A: 100 rad Gamma rays
B: 100 rad Beta Emission
C: 100 rad Neutron Emission
D: 100 rad Alpha Emission

A

D: 100 rad Alpha Emission

116
Q

In which among the following can a Cherenkov Radiation be observed?
A: In the Water surrounding the core of a Nuclear Reactor
B: In the Mushroom Cloud produced after a Hydrogen Bomb Explosion
C: In a particle accelerator after the bombardment of two nuclides
D: In the Sun’s Corona during a Solar Eclipse

A

A: In the Water surrounding the core of a Nuclear Reactor

117
Q

Across the three most notorious accidents regarding nuclear power plants: Three Mile Island, Chernobyl, and Fukushima, what is the most common cause for their failure that led to several environmental problems?
A: A leak in the fuel rods initiating an explosion
B: Bursting of reactor due to uncontrolled pressurized steam
C: Loss of proper cooling and/or moderator
D: Run-off chain reactions of the fissile material

A

C: Loss of proper cooling and/or moderator

118
Q

The Bataan Nuclear Power Plant is planned to be retrofitted in hopes of using it for the first time. One point of concern is the material that would be used in the outer portions of the room housing the fuel rods. If the radiation coming from the fuel rods would be a strong beta emission, which material among the following should be utilized?
A: 1.00 cm of Aluminum
B: 7.50 m of Concrete
C: 8.0 mm of Lucite
D: 35.0 m of Lead

A

C: 8.0 mm of Lucite

119
Q

Quantum number - distance of e- from nucleus

A

n (principal quantum number)

120
Q

Quantum number - shape of the volume of space that the e- occupies

A

l azimuthal/angular momentum

121
Q

Quantum number - orientation of orbital in space

A

ml magnetic

122
Q

Quantum number - interaction with a magnetic field

A

ms spin

123
Q

Same number of electrons / same number of electronic configuration
A) isoelectronic
B) isotone
C) isotope
D) isobar

A

A

124
Q

Same number of neutrons
A) isoelectronic
B) isotone
C) isotope
D) isobar

A

B

125
Q

Same number of protons but different mass number
A) isoelectronic
B) isotone
C) isotope
D) isobar

A

C

126
Q

Same mass number
A) isoelectronic
B) isotone
C) isotope
D) isobar

A

D

127
Q

the ___ principle means fill the orbitals from bottom to top.

A

Aufbau

128
Q

_____ rule requires single occupancy before pairing.

A

Hund’s

129
Q

No two electrons in a atom can have an identical set of four quantum numbers

A

Pauli’s Exclusion Principle

130
Q

Who proposed Quantum Theory?

A

Max Planck

131
Q

How many water molecules can
attach to methanol via hydrogen
bonding?

A: 2 B: 3 C: 4 D: 5

A

B: 3

132
Q

What intermolecular forces does
CH3CHOHCH3 have?
A: Hydrogen Bonding only
B: London Forces and Hydrogen Bonding
C: Dipole-Dipole Forces and Hydrogen
Bonding
D: London Forces, Dipole-Dipole
Forces, and Hydrogen Bonding

A

D: London Forces, Dipole-Dipole
Forces, and Hydrogen Bonding

133
Q

Which among the following
substances has the highest surface
tension?
A:CCl4
B:CH3OH
C:CH3CH2OCH2CH3
D:NOTA

A

B:CH3OH

134
Q

Determine whether the following
statements are TRUE or FALSE.
(a.) The internal energy of a system
comprises that of the energy of every
single microscopic particle that makes
up that system
(b.) Heat and work can be conserved in
a system by distributing it evenly
amongst the systems constituents
(c.) delta U being equal to the
summation of heat and work is an
interpretation of the First Law of
Thermodynamics
(d.) delta H can be interpreted as the
heat transferred under constant volume
conditions.
A: False, False, True, True
B: True, True, True, True
C: False, True, True, False
D: True, False, True, False

A

D: True, False, True, False

135
Q

Determine whether the following
statements are TRUE or FALSE:
(a.) Ludwig Boltzmann introduced the
concept of entropy and elucidated its
behavior in order to explain the
direction of spontaneous change
(b.) When the temperature of a system
is increased, the number of feasible
microstates decrease, effectively
leading to an increase in entropy
(c.) A process wherein two ideal gases
in separate bulbs, both at a pressure
of 1 bar, are connected and allowed to
expand into the total volume, exhibits
a positive change in entropy
A: True, False, True
B: False, False, True
C: True, True, False
D: False, True, False

A

B: False, False, True

136
Q

Which among the following
relationships fully encapsulates the
idea of the Second Law of
Thermodynamics
A: delta S_system < 0
B: delta S_universe > delta S_system +
delta S_surrounding
C: delta S_universe > 0
D: delta S_system <deltaS_surrounding

A

C: delta S_universe > 0

137
Q

For the combustion of liquid
acetylene in the presence of oxygen,
liquid water and carbon dioxide gas is
produced. Given this reaction, which
among the following statements is
TRUE?

A: Since delta S is positive, delta G
is more negative than delta H
B: Since delta S is negative, delta G
is more negative than delta H
C: Since delta S is positive, delta G
is less negative than delta H
D: Since delta S is negative, delta G
is less negative than delta H

A

D: Since delta S is negative, delta G
is less negative than delta H

138
Q

Sherwood Roland and Mario Molina’s
work on stratospheric ozone depletion
garnered them the 1995 Nobel Prize in
Chemistry. Which among the following
species did they determine act as a
catalyst for the decomposition of
ozone?
A: Refrigerants B: CClF3
C: Nitrogen Oxides D: Chlorine Atoms

A

D: Chlorine Atoms

139
Q

For a biochemical study involving
the tigers at Malabon Zoo, a fatty acid
was labeled with carbon-14. The sample
was then fed to the tigers and after a
few hours the tigers breath was
analyzed. In which among the following
compounds would you expect for the
radioactive material to be detected?

A: As Nitrogen B: As Carbon Dioxide
C: As Hydrogen D: As Water Vapor

A

B: As Carbon Dioxide

140
Q

Raschig process is the production of ____

A

hydrazine

141
Q

Determine the percent atom economy
of the Raschig Process.

A: 17.3%
B: 22.4%
C: 34.7%
D: 46.5%

A

A: 17.3%

142
Q

give the balanced chemical equation of Raschig process

A

2NH3 + Cl2 + 2NaOH –> N2H4 + 2NaCl + H2O

143
Q

Which among the following
radioactive nuclide is often bombarded
with the various isotopes of lead in
order to produce most of the new
superheavy elements?

A: Iodine-131 and Lawrencium-257
B: Chromium-51 and Gallium-67
C: Calcium-48 and Nickel-64
D: Selenium-75 and Krypton-81m

A

C: Calcium-48 and Nickel-64

144
Q

who discovered superheavy elements from Plutonium to Lawrencium

A

Glenn T. Seaborg

145
Q

who discovered I-131

A

Glenn T. Seaborg

146
Q

Isotope to diagnose albinism

A

Cr-51

147
Q

Isotope for whole body scan for tumors

A

Gallium-67

148
Q

Buck and Axel

A

Olfactory receptors

149
Q

Vitamin A

A

Retinol

150
Q

Vitamin B12

A

Cobalamin

151
Q

Number of double bonds in geraniol
A. 3 C. 0
B. 1 D. 2

A

D. 2

152
Q

What is another name for lecithin?

A. Phosphatidylcholine C. Sodium benzoate
B. Xanthan gum D. Ascorbic acid

A

A. Phosphatidylcholine

153
Q

What structural characteristics do citric acid and malic acid have in common?

A. They are heterocyclic compounds
B. Both has three moieties of carboxylic acid
C. They contain an alkene bridge
D. They are both hydroxy acids

A

D. They are both hydroxy acids

154
Q

Define a salt in terms of acids and bases.

A. A salt is a compound that follows Le Chatelier principle in reactions with other
compounds.
B. All of these
C. A salt is a compound formed when the nucleus of a hydrogen atom enters a quantity
of water.
D. A salt is a compound (other than water) produced by the reaction of acid and a base.

A

D. A salt is a compound (other than water) produced by the reaction of acid and a base.

155
Q

If the entropy of a system decreases, the entropy of its surroundings
A. Must always increase
B. Must always decrease
C. May increase or decrease
D. Not enough information to answer the question

A

A. Must always increase

156
Q

For a particular chemical reaction, ΔH˚ is positive and ΔS˚ is negative. Which of
the following statements about the spontaneity of the reaction under standard conditions
is TRUE?
A. The reaction will be spontaneous only if the magnitude of ΔH˚ is large enough to
cover the unfavorable entropy change.
B. The reaction will be spontaneous only if the magnitude of ΔS˚ is large enough to
overcome the unfavorable enthalpy change.
C. The reaction will be spontaneous regardless of the magnitudes of ΔH˚ and ΔS˚.
D. The reaction cannot be spontaneous.

A

D. The reaction cannot be spontaneous.

157
Q

Radioactive solid nuclear wastes are disposed off by
A. high temperature incineration
B. pyrolysis
C. pathological incineration
D. underground burial in concrete containers

A

D. underground burial in concrete containers

158
Q

Which forces are stronger, intramolecular covalent
bonds or intermolecular hydrogen bonds?

A

Intramolecular covalent bonds are stronger than
intermolecular hydrogen bonds.

159
Q

Which types of solids have the highest melting
points? Which have the lowest melting points?

A

Ionic and network solids have the highest melting
points. Molecular solids have the lowest melting points.

160
Q

What happens when
a person lowers the diaphragm in his or her chest
cavity?

A

When the diaphragm is lowered, the volume of the
chest cavity increases, lowering the pressure in the lungs
relative to the atmospheric pressure. Air at atmospheric
pressure then rushes into the lungs, beginning the breathing process.

161
Q

In a sphygmomanometer
one listens to the first tapping sound as the constrictive pressure of the arm cuff is slowly released. What
is the significance of this tapping sound?

A

The first tapping sound one hears is the systolic pressure, which occurs when the sphygmomanometer pressure
matches the blood pressure when the ventricle contracts,
pushing blood into the arm.

162
Q

If you fill a glass bottle
with water, cap it, and cool to 210°C, the bottle will
crack. Explain.

A

When water freezes, it expands (water is one of the few
substances that expands on freezing) and will crack the bottle when the ice expansion exceeds the volume of the bottle.
6.83 It is difficult to compress liquids and solids because
their molecules are already very close together and there is
very little empty space between them

163
Q

Why do aerosol cans carry the warning “Do not
incinerate”?

A

Aerosol cans already contain gases under high pressure. Gay-Lussac’s law predicts that the pressure inside the
can will increase with increasing temperature, with the
potential of explosive rupture of the can, causing injury.

164
Q

Why does the temperature of a liquid drop as a
result of evaporation?

A

The temperature of a liquid decreases during evaporation because the molecules with higher kinetic energy leave
the liquid, which decreases the average kinetic energy of
those molecules remaining in the liquid.

165
Q

To a separatory funnel with two layers—the nonpolar diethyl ether and the polar water—is added a
small amount of solid. After shaking the separatory
funnel, in which layer will we find each of the following solids?
(a) NaCl
(b) Camphor, C10H16O
(c) KOH

A

(a) NaCl (an ionic solid) will dissolve in the polar
water layer.
(b) Camphor (a nonpolar molecule) will dissolve in the
nonpolar diethyl ether layer.
(c) KOH (an ionic solid) will dissolve in the polar water
layer.

166
Q

Suppose that we have a stain on an oil painting that
we want to remove without damaging the painting.
The stain is not water-insoluble. Knowing the polarities of the following solvents, which one would we try
first and why?
(a) Benzene, C6H6
(b) Isopropyl (rubbing) alcohol, C3H7OH
(c) Hexane, C6H14

A

Isopropyl alcohol would be a good first choice. The oil
base in the paint is nonpolar. Both benzene and hexane are
nonpolar solvents and may dissolve the paint, destroying
the painting

167
Q

The solubility of aspartic acid in water is 0.500 g in
100 mL at 25°C. If we dissolve 0.251 g of aspartic
acid in 50.0 mL of water at 50°C and let the solution
cool to 25°C without stirring, shaking, or otherwise
disturbing the solution, would the resulting solution
be a saturated, unsaturated, or supersaturated solution? Explain.

A

supersaturated

168
Q

If a bottle of beer is allowed to stand for several
hours after being opened, it becomes “flat” (it loses
CO2). Explain.

A

According to Henry’s law, the solubility of a gas in
a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure. A closed
bottle of a carbonated beverage is under excess CO2 pressure. After the bottle is opened, the excess CO2 pressure
is released and the CO2 escapes from solution as bubbles
of gas.

169
Q

Which of the following would produce the brightest
light in the conductance apparatus shown in Figure 7.10?

(a) 0.1 M KCl
(b) 0.1 M (NH4)3PO4
(c) 0.5 M sucrose

A

(b) 0.1 M (NH4)3PO

170
Q

On the basis of Tables 7.1 and 7.2, classify the following systems as homogeneous, heterogeneous, or colloidal mixtures.
(a) Physiological saline solution
(b) Orange juice
(c) A cloud
(d) Wet sand
(e) Suds
(f ) Milk

A

(a) homogeneous (b) heterogeneous (c) colloidal
(d) heterogeneous (e) colloidal (f) colloidal

171
Q

A solution of protein is transparent at room temperature. When it is cooled to10°C, it becomes turbid. What causes this change in appearance?

A

As the temperature of the solution decreases, the
protein molecules aggregate and form a colloidal mixture.
The turbid appearance is the result of the Tyndall effect.

172
Q

What makes normal
rainwater slightly acidic?

A

Carbon dioxide (CO2) dissolves in rainwater to form
a dilute solution of carbonic acid (H2CO3), which is a
weak acid

173
Q

What is nitrogen
narcosis?

A

Nitrogen dissolved in the blood can lead to a narcotic
effect referred to as “rapture of the deep,” which is similar
to alcohol-induced intoxication.

174
Q

What is the chemical
formula for the main component of limestone and
marble?

A

calcium carbonate, CaCO3.

175
Q

What is the minimum
pressure on sea water that will force water to flow
from the concentrated solution into the dilute
solution?

A

The minimum pressure required for reverse osmosis
in the desalinization of sea water exceeds 100 atm (the
osmotic pressure of sea water).

176
Q

What is the minimum
pressure on sea water that will force water to flow
from the concentrated solution into the dilute
solution?

A

The minimum pressure required for reverse osmosis
in the desalinization of sea water exceeds 100 atm (the
osmotic pressure of sea water).

177
Q

Synovial fluid that exists in joints is a colloidal solution of hyaluronic acid (Section 20.6A) in water.
When a biochemist wants to isolate hyaluronic acid
from synovial fluid, he or she adds ethanol, C2H6O,
to bring the solution to 65% ethanol. The hyaluronic
acid precipitates upon standing. What makes the
hyaluronic acid solution unstable and causes it to
precipitate?

A

The ethanol molecules

178
Q

If a certain reaction takes 16 h to go to completion at
10°C, what temperature should we run it if we want
it to go to completion in 1 h?

A

50°C would predict completion of the reaction in 1 h

179
Q

If you were running a reaction and wanted it to go
faster, what three things might you try to accomplish
this goal?

A

You might (a) increase the temperature, (b) increase
the concentration of reactants, or (c) add a catalyst.

180
Q

Explain how a catalyst increases the rate of a reaction

A

A catalyst increases the rate of a reaction by providing
an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation
energy.

181
Q

A painkiller—for example, Tylenol—can be purchased in two forms, each
containing the same amount of drug. One form is a
solid coated pill, and the other is a capsule that contains tiny beads and has the same coat. Which medication will act faster? Explain

A

The capsule with the tiny beads will act faster than
the solid coated-pill form. The small bead size increases the
drug’s surface area, allowing the drug to react faster and
deliver its therapeutic effects more quickly.

182
Q

Which weak base is used
as a flame retardant in plastics?

A

Mg(OH)2 is a weak base used in flame-retardant
plastics.

183
Q

With respect to corneal
burns, are strong acids or strong bases more
dangerous?

A

Strong bases are more harmful to the cornea because
the healing of the wounds can deposit nontransparent scar
tissue that impairs vision

184
Q

What causes (a) respiratory acidosis and (b) metabolic acidosis?

A

(a) Respiratory acidosis is caused by hypoventilation,
which occurs due to a variety of breathing difficulties,
such as a windpipe obstruction, asthma, or pneumonia.
(b) Metabolic acidosis is caused by starvation or heavy
exercise

185
Q

Suppose you have a phosphate buffer of pH 7.21.
If you add more solid NaH2PO4 to this buffer, would
you expect the pH of the buffer to increase, decrease,
or remain unchanged? Explain

A

DECREASE

As the concentration of H2PO4 increases, the log becomes negative, lowering the pH and becoming more acidic.

186
Q

What is the ratio of HPO /H2PO in a phosphate
buffer of pH 7.9 (the pH of human pancreatic fluid)?

A

4.9 : 1 or 5:1

187
Q

Name the major physiologically active substances that
comes from:
bark of the willow tree
the pituitary gland,
the sap of the poppy,
belladenna plant.

A

Salicin,
beta-endomorphin,
opium,
atropine

188
Q

What is the buckyball?
A. An epoxy resin
B. C60H+++
C. A fullerene
D. Sodium benzoate

A

C. A fullerene

189
Q

A solution of cation gives a crimson red
flame. This flame test is a confirmatory test
for:
a. Sr2+ c. Mn2+
b. K+ d. Ca2+

A

a. Sr2+

190
Q

What is the color of nickel chloride?
a. white c. red
b. blue d. yellow

A

d. yellow

191
Q

Substances whose solutions change color
due to changes in pH

A

Indicator

192
Q

It is an organic reaction that converts an
alcohol into an alkyl chlorine using
triphenylphosphine and carbon tetrachloride.

A

Appel Reaction

193
Q

Which of the following indicators is used in
EDTA titration?
A. Solochrome C. Eriochrome Black T
B. Calmagite D. All of these

A

D. All of these

194
Q

Taurine, a Beta amino acid belongs to the
acidic group of:
A. –SO2OH C. –COOH
B. –COONH3 D. –C=OH

A

A. –SO2OH

195
Q

In a standard chemical reaction, rate is governed by the relationship
rate=pze-E/RT, where p and z refer to the probability that reacting
molecules make a favorable encounter. To increase the probability of
reaction, enzymes are employed. Based on the above equation, if E is the
activation energy, which is more favorable and why? A lower or hgher E?
A. Lower E so that more molecules possess sufficient energy to react
B. Higher E so that a better nucleophile and electrophile are catalyzed
C. Lower E so that a proton can be donated or stolen for the reactants
leading to better catalysis
D. Higher E so the bonds of the reactants will be strained and provide
more power transition state condition

A

C. Lower E so that a proton can be donated or stolen for the reactants
leading to better catalysis

196
Q

The coexistence curve where the plot of pressure versus temperature
along which the two phases coexist was shown by ClausiusClapeyron. What did Clausius postulate?
A. The Clapeyron equation was simplified by assuming that the vapor
obeys the ideal gas law and by neglecting the molar volume of the
liquid VL in comparison with the molar volume of the gas VG
B. The Clausius-Clapeyron equation does not apply to this situation
C. The Clausius-Clapeyron theory is applicable only for vaporization
and sublimation condition
D. Both scientists apply their postulates to linear and curvilinear
representation

A

A. The Clapeyron equation was simplified by assuming that the vapor
obeys the ideal gas law and by neglecting the molar volume of the
liquid VL in comparison with the molar volume of the gas VG

197
Q

What is the theory in two or three dimensional collision to be
applied when playing billiard balls and in order to sink the target
ball in the corner pocket?
A. The center of the mass theory where the center of the mass
of the system moves as all the mass in the system were
concentrated at that point, and one of them is initially at rest, and
they were in perpendicular direction of the collision
B. Proton-proton elastic collision
C. The component of momentum an isolated system in each of
the directions (x, y, z) are conserved independently
D. Where two equal masses undergo a glancing elastic collision

A

D. Where two equal masses undergo a glancing elastic collision

198
Q

When travelling at NLEX at 80mph, a stopped car in
front causes you to suddenly skid to stop. What
happened to the kinetic energy of the moving car?
A. Some of it were converted to internal energy and
some transferred to the road and surroundings
B. It was transferred to the internal energy of the
road
C. All of it transferred to the road and surroundings
D. All of it are still in the car

A

C. All of it transferred to the road and surroundings

199
Q

Are reversible processes frictionless? Why?
A. Because the processes are driven by forces
which imbalance is differential in magnitude
B. Because when reversed, retraces its forward
path and restores the initial state of the system
and surroundings
C. None of these
D. Because only infinitesimal changes occur

A

B. Because when reversed, retraces its forward
path and restores the initial state of the system
and surroundings

200
Q

What is the Nujol Mull in organic chemical reactions?
A. It is a mass spectrum technique and is obtained by grinding up a
solid which is mixed with mineral oil to form a suspension for IR
spectroscopy
B. It is the name of a type of paraffin oil from India and most often
used in gas chromatography to enhance the mass transfer
properties of compounds
C. It is a process applied for inorganic compounds to determine the
effervescence of the compound under study
D. It is suspension in mineral oil which is placed in between HgCl, AgI
and KCl or stainless steel plates to obtain a good spectrum

A

A. It is a mass spectrum technique and is obtained by grinding up a
solid which is mixed with mineral oil to form a suspension for IR
spectroscopy

CHE BOARD EXAM (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions