Chemistry - Chap 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

Alkali metals

A

Low melting point and react easily with water and air, very soft

  • shiny, silvery metals
  • extremely reactive
  • combine easily with other elements to form compounds
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2
Q

Atom

A

Smallest part of an element that has all of the elements properties

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3
Q

Atomic mass

A

Average mass of an elements atoms

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4
Q

Atomic number

A

Number of protons in an atom of an element

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5
Q

Atomic theory

A

Study of the nature of atoms and how they combine to form all types of matter

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6
Q

Group (chemical family)

A

Classification of elements with certain shared physical and chemical properties

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7
Q

Halogens

A

Non-metals, very reactive and have a noticeable colour, growing in intensity

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8
Q

Ion

A

Atom or group of atoms that has lost or gained electrons

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9
Q

Ion charge

A

Electric charge that an atom or group of joined atoms take on when it loses or gains electrons

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10
Q

Metal

A

Element that is malleable and ductile and conducts electricity and heat

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11
Q

Metalloids

A

Element with metallic and non-metallic properties (silicon)

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12
Q

Noble gases

A

Elements that glow if an electric current is passed through them, none of these gases are chemically reactive reactive, rarely form chemical compounds with other elements

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13
Q

Non-metals

A

Elements that are grouped together mainly because they do not resemble metals (carbon)

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14
Q

Nucleus (atomic)

A

Centre of the atom, contains protons and electrons

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15
Q

Period

A

One of seven horizontal rows in the periodic table

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16
Q

Property

A

Characteristic that describes a substance

17
Q

Pure substance

A

One kind of matter with a unique set of properties

18
Q

Relative mass

A

Mass of an object in comparison to the mass of another object

19
Q

Solution

A

Combination of pure substances in which the different substances are not individually visible (homogeneous)

20
Q

Subatomic particles

A

Particles that make up an atom (including protons, neutrons, and electrons)

21
Q

Sublimation

A

Change of state from a solid into a gas

22
Q

Suspension

A

Cloudy mixture in which tiny particles of one substance are held within another (type of heterogeneous)

23
Q

Valence electrons

A

Electron in the valence shell of an atom

24
Q

Valence shell

A

Outermost shell or energy level of an atom that has electrons in it

25
Q

Volume

A

Measure of how big an object is or how much space a fluid takes up