chemistry Flashcards
explain how the electron structure of an atom determines its properties
- how readily they accept or donate an electron,
- determines how they bond with nearby elements(strength and physical characteristics) and
- how many free electrons they donate (conductivity)
Explain how the chemical properties of an element help to determine its position in the periodic table.
by the atomic number as they are in ascending order,
- the reactivity decreases as you go from left to right,
- ionisation increases from left to right
Outline the development of the modern Periodic Table.
the number of protons determine where it is on the periodic table
Understand why elements in the same group of the Periodic Table have similar properties
because they have the same number of electrons in their valance shell
Identify the location of metals, metalloids and non-metals on the Periodic Table
metals are on the left, metalloids are in the middle and non-metals are on the right
name the groups
Group 1 alkali metals, Group 2 alkaline earth metals, Groups 3-12 transition metals, Group 17 halogens Group 18 noble gases.
Use models and diagrams to describe the nature of the bonding in metallic solids
sea of electrons moving as the element stays put
Use models and diagrams to describe the nature of the bonding in ionic solids
lattice structure
- metal with the valance electron next to it
Use models and diagrams to describe the nature of the bonding in covalent solids
sharing of electrons, joining two elements together
Distinguish between covalent molecular and covalent network solids.
covalent network: between multiple atoms forming a big structure
covalent molecular: only between a few atoms
properties of metallic
metallic: high melting and boiling points, insoluble
properties of ionic
high melting and boiling point,
many dissolve,
do not conduct electricity as solids only as liquids,
positive and negative ions strongly attracted together
properties of covalent molecular
strong covalent bonds, weak intermolecular forces, low melting and boiling points do not conduct electricity, neutral
properties of covalent networks
strong covalent bonds throughout the whole structure,
high melting and boiling points,
do not conduct electricity,
no moving charges
element
a substance composed of atoms
atom
particles that make up all material, take part in reactions
nucleus
core of the atom, made of protons and neutrons
proton
positively charged particle found in the nucleus
neutron
neutrally charged particle found in the nucleus
electron
negatively charged particle found in the shells
ion
positive or negative charged atom or group of atoms
isotope
atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons
atomic number
the number of protons or electrons in an atom
mass number
number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
