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Environmental Science > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

What type of equation is this;

NaCl+AgNO3-MgCl2+H2

A

Double

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2
Q

What type of equation is this;

Cl2+NaBr-NaCl+Br2

A

single replacement

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3
Q

What type of equation is this;

H+N-HN

A

Synthesis

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4
Q

What is a chemical change?

A

a change on which a reaction between the atoms or molecules must take place

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5
Q

Heat causes an object to __________

A

expand

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6
Q

SKIP List the labels of the periodic table, left to right.

A 
alkali metals
alkaline earth metals
transition
boron family
carbon
nitrogen
oxygen
halogens
noble gasses
lanthanoid
actinoid
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7
Q

What type of equation is this;

HgO-Hg+O

A

decomposition

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8
Q

define exothermic

A

exothermic is a type of evidence, in the category heat given off or removed, and is characterized by heat being given off.

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9
Q

define endothermic

A

endothermic is a type of evidence, in the category heat given off or removed, and is characterized by heat being removed

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10
Q

list the different types of evidence for chemical reactions

A
  • heat given off or removed
  • precipitate
  • color change
  • gas production
  • new substance with different properties
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11
Q

are the following chemical or physical changes:

  1. zinc is added to vinegar
  2. wooden splint is broken in half
  3. benedicts solution is added to corn syrup and heated
  4. seltzer tablet is crushed
  5. crushed seltzer is added to water
  6. hydrochloric acid, baking soda, and phenolphthalein are mixed
  7. new substance appears
  8. digesting a candy bar
  9. dissolving cool-aid in water
  10. dew on grass in the morning
  11. chemical reaction occurs and something bubbles
  12. substance changes state or phase
A
  1. chemical
  2. physical
  3. chemical
  4. physical
  5. chemical
  6. chemical
  7. chemical
  8. chemical
  9. physical
  10. physical
  11. chemical
  12. physical
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12
Q

is the carbon cycle a chemical or physical change?

A

chemical, (photosynthesis and respiration are chemical changes because CO^2 is broken down to make sugar during photosynthesis and during respiration it is released)

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13
Q

define chemical change?

A

the product is noticeable/visually modified product no new substance is formed

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14
Q

define physical change?

A

a new substance is formed and can not be reversed

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15
Q

define the law of conservation of matter

A

no matter how many reactants and products in a chemical reaction, all of atoms present at beginning of the reaction will remain at the end, meaning the total mass stays the same. matter is neither created nor destroyed.

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16
Q

give definition, properties, and examples about mixtures

A

definition: two or more substances that are together in the same place but not chemically combined.
properties: each substance keeps individual properties
examples: soil, ocean water, drink mix,

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17
Q

define homogenous

A

well mixed, can’t see different parts. often called a solution - a solution is the best mixed of all possible mixtures
examples: pure and salt water, iron, hydrogen

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18
Q

define heterogenous

A

can see separate parts, not completely mixed.

examples: salad, trail mix, a pencil

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19
Q

compound or mixture:

  1. air
  2. powdered drink mix
  3. paper
  4. sugar
  5. carbon dioxide
  6. calcium carbonate
A
  1. mixture
  2. mixture
  3. mixture
  4. compound
  5. compound
  6. compound
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20
Q

you can separate mixtures by using…

A

magnetism, hand seperation, filtration, sifting, extraction and evaporation, chromatography

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21
Q

what does the indicator of red litmus do?

A

red litmus and basic substances turn the paper blue

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22
Q

what does the indicator of blue litmus do?

A

blue litmus and acidic substances turn paper red

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23
Q

what does the indicator of bromthymol do?

A

acid: orange
neutral: blue
base: dark blue

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24
Q

what does the indicator of phenolphthalein do?

A

acid: nothing
neutral: pink
base: dark pink

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25
Q

what do acids and bases taste like?

A

acids: sour
bases: bitter

26
Q

how do acids and bases react with the metals magnesium, zinc, and iron?

A

acids: produce hydrogen gas
bases: doesn’t

27
Q

how does it react with carbonates?

A

acids: a gas forms
bases: doesn’t

28
Q

what is an indicator?

A

helps to determine substances such as litmus

29
Q

do acids conduct electricity?

A
  • react with metals and conduct electricity
30
Q

bases are slippery.

A

i hope you knew that.

31
Q

what are compounds?

A

definition: A compound is a pure substance formed when two or more chemical elements are chemically bonded together. The type of bonds holding elements together in a compound can vary: two common types are covalent bonds and ionic bonds. The elements in any compound are always present in fixed ratios.

32
Q

what is an element?

A

a pure substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances by chemical or physical means.

33
Q

Sb, atomic number 51, atomic mass 121.75. find protons, neutrons and electrons

A

protons: 51
electrons: 51
neutrons: 71

34
Q

why do metals have the tendency to be conductors of electricity

A

this is because they usually want to lose electrons from their outer shell.

35
Q

all elements want to gain lose or share electrons so that they become stable. they do the by chemical reaction.

A

i hope you know that. or your dumb. get a life.

36
Q

after heating….

A

molecules expand

37
Q

when cooled…

A

molecules condense

38
Q

define solids.

A
  • particles are very close together
  • definite volume and shape
  • particles move slowly
39
Q

define liquids.

A
  • particles are relatively close together
  • take shape of container
  • has fixed volume
  • move at medium speed bouncing off of one another
40
Q

define gasses.

A
  • hard to contain with no shape
  • no volume
  • lots of space between particles and move very quickly
41
Q 
solid to gas 
gas to liquid
liquid to solid
solid to liquid
liquid to gas
gas never goes to solid
A 
cools, sublimation 
condenses
freezes
warms and melts
boils and evaporates
42
Q

the measurement of how fast molecules are moving is called…

A

temperature

43
Q

who made the bohr model?

A

niel bohr in 1913

44
Q

how many electrons in each shell?

A 
1st - 2
2nd- 8
3rd- 18
4th-32
5th-50
*the electrons never touch, they repel each other*
45
Q

define chemical symbol

A

the symbol for the element, always an uppercase first letter and if a second letter, than its lowercase

46
Q

define atomic number

A

aka prion number, is the number of protons (and electrons) found in the nucleus

47
Q

amu

A

atomic mass unit

48
Q

do groups goes horizontal or vertical

A

horizontal

49
Q

how many groups are there

A

18

50
Q

how many periods are there

A

7

51
Q

elements found on the zig zag line

A

metal lloyds

52
Q

metal lloyds have….

A

both metal and non metal properties

53
Q

list three properties of metals

A
  • shiny
  • melleable
  • reactive
  • ductile
  • conductive
  • magnetism
54
Q

list three properties of non metals

A
  • insulators
  • very reactive
  • dull
  • brittle
  • no ductile
55
Q

what is the charge and location and amu of the proton

A

located - nucleus
charge- positive
amu- 1

56
Q

what is the charge and location and amu of the neutron

A

located - nucleus
charge- neutral
amu- 1

57
Q

what is the charge and location and amu of the electron

A

located- electron cloud
charge- negative
amu- about 0

58
Q

what is the charge and location and amu of the nucleus

A

located- center of the atom

charge- positive

59
Q

group 1 and 2 are….

A

highly reactive non metals

60
Q

group 13-17 divided by the stair case/zig zag are…

A

less reactive metals

61
Q

group 18 are….

A

non reactive non metals

62
Q

list three examples of indicators

A
  • ph paper
  • bromthymol blue
  • phenolphyhlein
  • litmus paper

Environmental Science (9 decks)

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