Chemistry Flashcards
What type of equation is this;
NaCl+AgNO3-MgCl2+H2
Double
What type of equation is this;
Cl2+NaBr-NaCl+Br2
single replacement
What type of equation is this;
H+N-HN
Synthesis
What is a chemical change?
a change on which a reaction between the atoms or molecules must take place
Heat causes an object to __________
expand
SKIP List the labels of the periodic table, left to right.
alkali metals alkaline earth metals transition boron family carbon nitrogen oxygen halogens noble gasses lanthanoid actinoid
What type of equation is this;
HgO-Hg+O
decomposition
define exothermic
exothermic is a type of evidence, in the category heat given off or removed, and is characterized by heat being given off.
define endothermic
endothermic is a type of evidence, in the category heat given off or removed, and is characterized by heat being removed
list the different types of evidence for chemical reactions
- heat given off or removed
- precipitate
- color change
- gas production
- new substance with different properties
are the following chemical or physical changes:
- zinc is added to vinegar
- wooden splint is broken in half
- benedicts solution is added to corn syrup and heated
- seltzer tablet is crushed
- crushed seltzer is added to water
- hydrochloric acid, baking soda, and phenolphthalein are mixed
- new substance appears
- digesting a candy bar
- dissolving cool-aid in water
- dew on grass in the morning
- chemical reaction occurs and something bubbles
- substance changes state or phase
- chemical
- physical
- chemical
- physical
- chemical
- chemical
- chemical
- chemical
- physical
- physical
- chemical
- physical
is the carbon cycle a chemical or physical change?
chemical, (photosynthesis and respiration are chemical changes because CO^2 is broken down to make sugar during photosynthesis and during respiration it is released)
define chemical change?
the product is noticeable/visually modified product no new substance is formed
define physical change?
a new substance is formed and can not be reversed
define the law of conservation of matter
no matter how many reactants and products in a chemical reaction, all of atoms present at beginning of the reaction will remain at the end, meaning the total mass stays the same. matter is neither created nor destroyed.
give definition, properties, and examples about mixtures
definition: two or more substances that are together in the same place but not chemically combined.
properties: each substance keeps individual properties
examples: soil, ocean water, drink mix,
define homogenous
well mixed, can’t see different parts. often called a solution - a solution is the best mixed of all possible mixtures
examples: pure and salt water, iron, hydrogen
define heterogenous
can see separate parts, not completely mixed.
examples: salad, trail mix, a pencil
compound or mixture:
- air
- powdered drink mix
- paper
- sugar
- carbon dioxide
- calcium carbonate
- mixture
- mixture
- mixture
- compound
- compound
- compound
you can separate mixtures by using…
magnetism, hand seperation, filtration, sifting, extraction and evaporation, chromatography
what does the indicator of red litmus do?
red litmus and basic substances turn the paper blue
what does the indicator of blue litmus do?
blue litmus and acidic substances turn paper red
what does the indicator of bromthymol do?
acid: orange
neutral: blue
base: dark blue
what does the indicator of phenolphthalein do?
acid: nothing
neutral: pink
base: dark pink
what do acids and bases taste like?
acids: sour
bases: bitter
how do acids and bases react with the metals magnesium, zinc, and iron?
acids: produce hydrogen gas
bases: doesn’t
how does it react with carbonates?
acids: a gas forms
bases: doesn’t
what is an indicator?
helps to determine substances such as litmus
do acids conduct electricity?
- react with metals and conduct electricity
bases are slippery.
i hope you knew that.
what are compounds?
definition: A compound is a pure substance formed when two or more chemical elements are chemically bonded together. The type of bonds holding elements together in a compound can vary: two common types are covalent bonds and ionic bonds. The elements in any compound are always present in fixed ratios.
what is an element?
a pure substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances by chemical or physical means.
Sb, atomic number 51, atomic mass 121.75. find protons, neutrons and electrons
protons: 51
electrons: 51
neutrons: 71
why do metals have the tendency to be conductors of electricity
this is because they usually want to lose electrons from their outer shell.
all elements want to gain lose or share electrons so that they become stable. they do the by chemical reaction.
i hope you know that. or your dumb. get a life.
after heating….
molecules expand
when cooled…
molecules condense
define solids.
- particles are very close together
- definite volume and shape
- particles move slowly
define liquids.
- particles are relatively close together
- take shape of container
- has fixed volume
- move at medium speed bouncing off of one another
define gasses.
- hard to contain with no shape
- no volume
- lots of space between particles and move very quickly
solid to gas gas to liquid liquid to solid solid to liquid liquid to gas gas never goes to solid
cools, sublimation condenses freezes warms and melts boils and evaporates
the measurement of how fast molecules are moving is called…
temperature
who made the bohr model?
niel bohr in 1913
how many electrons in each shell?
1st - 2 2nd- 8 3rd- 18 4th-32 5th-50 *the electrons never touch, they repel each other*
define chemical symbol
the symbol for the element, always an uppercase first letter and if a second letter, than its lowercase
define atomic number
aka prion number, is the number of protons (and electrons) found in the nucleus
amu
atomic mass unit
do groups goes horizontal or vertical
horizontal
how many groups are there
18
how many periods are there
7
elements found on the zig zag line
metal lloyds
metal lloyds have….
both metal and non metal properties
list three properties of metals
- shiny
- melleable
- reactive
- ductile
- conductive
- magnetism
list three properties of non metals
- insulators
- very reactive
- dull
- brittle
- no ductile
what is the charge and location and amu of the proton
located - nucleus
charge- positive
amu- 1
what is the charge and location and amu of the neutron
located - nucleus
charge- neutral
amu- 1
what is the charge and location and amu of the electron
located- electron cloud
charge- negative
amu- about 0
what is the charge and location and amu of the nucleus
located- center of the atom
charge- positive
group 1 and 2 are….
highly reactive non metals
group 13-17 divided by the stair case/zig zag are…
less reactive metals
group 18 are….
non reactive non metals
list three examples of indicators
- ph paper
- bromthymol blue
- phenolphyhlein
- litmus paper
