Aquatics Flashcards
What are the major 7 water quality factors?
- dissolved oxygen
- pH
- Nitrates
- Phosphates
- Carbon Dioxide
- Water hardness
- Flies
What is the range for dissolved oxygen?
5.0-8.5 mg/L
What is the pH range?
6.7-8.6
What is the range for nitrates?
less than .3 ppm
What is the range for phosphates?
less than .015ppm
What is fecal coliform and where is it found?
Fecal coliform is bacteria found in the digestive tracks of warm blooded animals and humans.
What is the range for CO2?
less than 20 ppm
What is the range for water hardness in a freshwater lake?
less than 100 ppm
What are is the positive of nitrate?
NO3 is a compound found in most food items and is essential to plant growth.
What are some dangers of nitatrates?
It is turned into nitrites in the intestine and prevent hemoglobin fro transporting oxygen. It also multiplies when boiled.
What is eutrophication?
Eutrophication is the overpopulation of plants and algae causing deoxygenated zones killing fish
How does heat effect the amount of oxygen?
The warmer the water the less oxygen
What does high phosphate and nitrate levels lead to?
eutrophication
What is turbidity?
the amount of particles/ minerals in water
Which types of fish are indicators of high quality water?
trout, walleye, herring
Which fish are indicators of low or poor quality water?
sunfish, bluegill, catfish , carp
What is the domestic water use per person per day in the US?
140gallons
What are the 7 main human impacts on water quality?
1-sewage treatment plants/septic tanks 2-erosion and sedimentation 3-toxic waste dumping and runoff 4-oil spills 5-thermal pollution 6-herbicide and pesticide runoff 7- animal waste and fertilizer runoff
What are the five steps in a basic drinking water filtration system?
1 aeration 2 coagulation 3 sedimentation 4 filtration 5 disinfection
What is a alum?
a sticky particles that clump together dirt and sink during sedimentation
What are the 7 main characteristics used to classify aquatic environments?
tidal or not, saltiness, depth, the composition of the base, amount of plants, height of plants, water movement
What is safe to drink water called?
potable
What is the thick dirt part in wastewater treatment center called?
sludge
What is the system for people without sewers?
septic tank system
What are the steps in a basic wastewater treatment system?
bar screen, grit chamber, settling tank, aeration tank, settling tank, sludge digester/ drying bed, chlorine disinfection
What is the largest watershed of the chesapeake bay?
Susquehanna
Wha is pollution?
the presence of a substance in the environment that because of chemical composition or quality prevents the functioning of natural processes and causes undesirable environmental and health effects
What do you call an identifiable source of pollution?Non identifiable?
point and nonpoint sources
Which federal law established the basic structure for regulating the discharge of pollutants into waterways?
The Clean Water Act
What is the line along Havre de Grace, Baltimore, and D.C. called?
the fall line
What six states make up the chesapeake bay watershed?
NY PA MA VA DE WV
What is the amount of
miles surrounding the chesapeake bay watershed?
12,500
What is a mix of fresh and salt water called?
an estuary
List the uses of water in the US from greatest to least.
- Thermoelectric
- Irrigation
- Public Supply/water mains
- Industry/production transportation of a product
- Mining
- Livestock
- Domestic
- Aquaculture
