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Grade 10 Science > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

What does WHMIS stand for

A

WORKPLACE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INFORMATION SYSTEM

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2
Q

What does HHPS

A

HAZARDOUS HOUSEHOLD PRODUCT SYMBOLS

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3
Q

What are the different categories you can classify a substance into

A

Pure, mixture, element, compound, homogenius, heterogenius

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4
Q

What is a pure substance`

A

A sample of matter that has definite chemical and physical properties [example, elements, atoms, molecules, compounds]

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5
Q

What is an element

A

A pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means [this is the purest pure substance]

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6
Q

What is a compound

A

A pure substance composed of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds

  • made of elements in a specific ratio that is always the same
  • A chemical formula is included
  • can only be separated by chemical means, not physical means
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7
Q

What is a mixture

A

A combination of two or more pure substances mixed together but not chemically combined

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8
Q

give features of a mixture

A

Substances how to get there by physical forces, not chemical
No chemical change takes place
Each item retains its properties in the mixture
They can be separated physically

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9
Q

What category is it if it is in the periodic table

A

Element

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10
Q

What category is it if it has a chemical name

A

Compound

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11
Q

What category is it if it has two compounds a one phase

A

A solution

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12
Q

What category is it if it has two compounds into phases

A

hetero mix

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13
Q

What is a physical property

A

Describes the physical appearance and description of a substance

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14
Q

What are the categories for physical properties

A 
Boiling or condensation point
Melting or freezing point
Malleability
Ductility
Color
State
Solubility
Crystal formation
Conductivity
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15
Q

What is malleability

A

The ability to bent or rolled into sheets without Cumberland

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16
Q

What is ductility

A

The ability to be stretched

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17
Q

What is a chemical property

A

Describes the ability of a substance to change into a new substance

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18
Q

What are the categories of chemical properties

A 
Ability to burn
Flashpoint
Behaviour in air
Reaction in water
Reaction to heating
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19
Q

What is flashpoint

A

The lowest temperature at which a flammable liquid will ignite in the air

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20
Q

What is behavior in the air

A

The tendency to degrade, react or tarnish

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21
Q

What is reaction in water

A

The tendency to corrode or dissolve in water

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22
Q

What is reaction to heating

A

The tendency to melt or decompose

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23
Q

What is a physical change

A

A change of state or form in which a new substance is not formed in you can get the original substance easily

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24
Q

What changes are involved in physical changes

A

Melting, boiling, evaporation and condensation, crystallization, dissolving

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25
Q

What is chemical change

A

a change in which a new substances formed and he cannot get the original substance back easily

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26
Q

How do you recognize a chemical change

A

A new substance is produced, a new colour or oder or taste is produced, heat or light is produced, bubbles of gas are formed, a precipitate is formed

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27
Q

What is a Precipitate

A

Adding to liquids to get a cloudy color [an insoluble solid]

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28
Q

What are the different parts of an Atom

A

Protons, neutrons, electrons

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29
Q

What is the symbol of a proton

A

P

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30
Q

Disassemble the neutron

A

n the power of zero

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31
Q

Symbol of an electron

A

e-

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32
Q

What is the charge of the proton neutron electron

A

Positive, no charge, negative

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33
Q

Where is an electron located

A

On the outer orbits

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34
Q

How do you calculate The number of neutrons

A

Mass minus the atomic number [protons]

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35
Q

How to draw a bore Rutherford diagram

A

Draw nuclear us with the proton and neutron’s in it and the outer orbit with electrons

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36
Q

How to draw the Lewis dot diagram

A

Draw the element symbol and the number of valence electrons

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37
Q

What is a valence electron

A

The electrons in the very outer orbit

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38
Q

What direction do periods go

A

Left to right

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39
Q

What directions do columns go

A

Up and down

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40
Q

WhatAre the different types of metals

A

Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals

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41
Q

What are the nonmetals

A

Halogens, noble gases

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42
Q

What do you notice regarding the number of valence electrons in Rose [.]

A

Electrons go up by one [1 to 8]

43
Q

Do you notice in regards to the number of valence electrons in columns [families]

A

Buttons on valence shells all the same

44
Q

What is an ion

A

a charged Atom

45
Q

What is a Cation

A

Positively charged Atom

46
Q

What is in anion

A

Negatively charged Atoms

47
Q

What is a compound

A

Two or more elements joined together and one compound

48
Q

What are the limitations on ionic compounds

A

Compounds can only be made up of metal and nonmetal

49
Q

How do you name ionic compounds

A

Take off the ending and add an IDE, only on the second element

50
Q

What happens if there are subscripts on the compounds

A

Nothing when naming them

51
Q

What is a polyatomic ion

A

A group of Adams with the net charge that act together as a group

52
Q

What is a molecular compound

A

Is formed when nonmetals bond, these electrons are shared sub Yeomans have a full outer orbit

53
Q

What is a covalent bond

A

A molecular compound

54
Q

What’s the difference between a molecular and ionic compound

A

Molecular shares electrons, compounds give or take electrons

Molecular is made up of nonmetals, compound made up of nonmetal and metal

55
Q

What is a multivalent I own

A

And Atom that can have two different valence shells

56
Q

What is a diatomic molecule

A

Elements that can be made molecules of themselves

57
Q

What are the different diatomic molecules

A

I climbed brickst for our new home

58
Q

Do you name molecular compounds

A

Add a prefix if there is more than one Atom to the first number and add a suffix of IDE to the end of the second Element
Add a prefix always to the second one

59
Q

What are the prefixes of molecular compounds

A

Mono, die, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa

60
Q

How to balance equations

A

Make each element have the same number of sides

61
Q

What are the different types of chemical reactions

A

Synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, double displacement, combustion

62
Q

Describe synthesis

A

a + b = ab

63
Q

Describe decomposition

A

ab = a+b

64
Q

Describe single displacement

A

a +bc = ac + b

65
Q

Describe double displacement

A

ab + cd = ad + cb

66
Q

What is combustion

A

The rapid reaction of a substance with oxygen to produce oxide and energy; burning

67
Q

What does combustion always involve

A

A fuel burning or reacting quickly with oxygen

68
Q

What is always a reaction in combustion

A

Oxygen

69
Q

What would happen if oxygen was not a reactant

A

It would not be combustion

70
Q

What are the products of combustion

A

Oxide and energy

71
Q

What do we normally use as fuel

A

Hydrocarbons

72
Q

What are hydrocarbons made up of

A

Carbon and hydrogen

73
Q

What are the two types of combustion

A

Complete and incomplete combustion

74
Q

What is the general rule of complete combustion of hydrocarbons

A

General if a lot of oxygen is available, then hydrocarbons can be burnt

75
Q

What Are the only products of complete combustion

A

Carbon dioxide, water, and energy

76
Q

What color is the flame of complete combustion normally

A

Bluish

77
Q

In general what is the reaction for complete combustion for hydrocarbons

A

CxHy + O2 = CO2 + H2O + Energy

78
Q

What happens if you do not have a complete combustion

A

You end up with the sooty residue [carbon]

79
Q

When is incomplete combustion occur?

A

When there is not enough oxygen

80
Q

In general, what are the products of incomplete combustion

A

Carbon monoxide, carbon [sit], as well as carbon dioxide and H2O

81
Q

What colors the flame is incomplete combustion normally happens

A

Orange

82
Q

What is one of the products of incomplete combustion

A

Carbon monoxide in

83
Q

What if hydrogen burns with oxygen

A

They form water and energy

84
Q

What is the word used to produce hydrogen from water

A

Electrolysis

85
Q

What ion is acid contains

A

Hydrogen

86
Q

What ion is a base contain

A

Hydroxide

87
Q

Is acid and bases water soluble

A

Yes

88
Q

What does acid and base taste like

A

Sour, bitter

89
Q

What is an acid feel like bass feel like

A

slimy, slippery

90
Q

Do both acids and bases conduct electricity

A

yes

91
Q

What do acids react with

A

Metals and carbonate

92
Q

What do bases react

A

Protein

93
Q

Give examples of household acids

A

Vinegar is [acetic acid], sour foods like lemon [citric acid], Vitamin C [ascorbic acid]

94
Q

What symbol is an acid normal

A

H +

95
Q

Are acids corrosive

A

Yes

96
Q

Give examples of household bases

A

Antacid (al Hydroxide), baking soda [sodium bicarbonate], drain cleaner [sodium hydroxide

97
Q

What to bases commonly contain

A

OH-

98
Q

What is another word for basic

A

Alkaline

99
Q

How do you identify if formula is an acid

A

When the chemical formula sex with H only one other non-metallic element

100
Q

How do you name acids

A

Add the prefix ‘Hydro’ and suffix ‘ic’ it in the word acid

101
Q

How do you name acids with a polyatomic ion

A

Polyatomic ion and ATE add the suffix ‘ic’ in the word acid
Polyatomic ion ends in its add the suffix ous and the word acid
Do not add Hydro

102
Q

How do you determine the name of a base

A

Name The polyatomic ion positively charged metallic I am at the beginning of formula and add the word hydroxide to the end

103
Q

How do you know if the formula is a base

A

There isn’t OH at the end of the formula

Grade 10 Science (5 decks)

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