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Human Anatomy > Chemistry 2 Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry 2 Organic Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

The chemistry of carbon

A

Organic Chemistry

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2
Q

What are the 4 Molecules of Life

A
  1. Carbohydrates 2. Lipids 3. Proteins 4. Nucleic Acids
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3
Q

How do cells build organic compounds

A

By building monomers into polymers through dehydration reaction

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4
Q

What are the 3 functions of Carbohydrates

A
  1. Stores Energy 2.Signals structural elements 3. Bulk in feces
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5
Q

What is the monomer of Carbohydrates

A

Monosaccharides

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6
Q

What are 4 examples of Monosaccharides

A
  1. Glucose 2. Fructose 3. Ribose 4. Deoxyribose
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7
Q

What are 3 examples of 2 monosaccharides linked together

A
  1. Sucrose (Table Sugar) 2. Lactose (Milk Sugar) 3. Maltose (Grain Sugar)
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8
Q

What are the 3 examples of polysaccharides

A
  1. Starch 2. Glycogen 3. Cellulose
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9
Q

A type of polysaccharide that is energy storage in plants

A

Starch

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10
Q

An enzyme that breaks starch into monomers

A

Amylase

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11
Q

A type of polysaccharide thats energy store in animal cells

A

Glycogen

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12
Q

What is the function of Lipids

A

Protection, Insulation, Regulation, Vitamins, Structure, Energy

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13
Q

A liquid triglyceride that contains double bonds

A

Unsaturated Fats

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14
Q

A Solid triglyceride that contains no double bonds

A

Saturated Fats

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15
Q

Where are triglyceride fats stored

A

Adipose cells

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16
Q

A phosphate compound replaces a fatty acid to become

A

Phospholipids

17
Q

a type of lipid that forms 4 fused rings

A

Steroid

18
Q

Serves as the building block on the steroid lipid

A

Cholesterol

19
Q

A Polymer of Amino Acid Monomers

A

Protein

20
Q

What are the 6 functions of protein

A
  1. Regulation 2. Transport 3. Protection 4. Contraction 5. Structure 6. Energy
21
Q

All proteins are constructed from the same _____ Amino Acids

A

20

22
Q

Amino Acids are linked together by ______ _______ and forms _____ ______

A

Dehydration Reactions, Peptide Bonds

23
Q

Sequence of amino acids held together by peptide bond, and determined by inherited genetic info

A

1 degree Protein Structure

24
Q

H-bonds between the backbone of 1 degree structure and results in a helical coil or sheet-like array

A

2 degree Protein Structure

25
Q

Final 3-dimensional conformation of a protein that results from weak interactions between R-groups

A

3 degree Protein Structure

26
Q

Complexing of 2 or more polypeptide chains through weak interactions

A

4 degree Protein Structure

27
Q

This protein classification is extended and strand-like, insoluble in water and very stable

A

Fibrous Proteins

28
Q

This protein classification is compact and spherical, water soluble and chemically active, also plays crucial roles in virtually all biological processes

A

Globular Proteins

29
Q

Globular proteins that speed up chemical reactions (catalysts) and usually end in “ase”

A

Enzymes

30
Q

These are composed of a 5-carbon sugar

A

Nucleotides

31
Q

A Ribose is found in

A

RNA

32
Q

Deoxyribose is found in

A

DNA

33
Q

An organic molecule that provides the instructions for building proteins (Blueprints for life)

A

Nucleic Acids

34
Q

This nucleic acid forms a double stranded double helix with sugar-phosphate backbone and bases H-bonded between strands of A-T C-G

A

DNA

35
Q

This nucleic acid is single stranded, forms A-U C-G and assembles the proteins

A

RNA

36
Q

This chemical energy is used by all cells

A

ATP

37
Q

What are the 3 types of ATP cellular work

A
  1. Transport Work 2. Mechanical Work 3. Chemical Work

Human Anatomy (8 decks)

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