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Human Anatomy > An Orientation to the Human Body > Flashcards

An Orientation to the Human Body Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 7 Levels of Structural Organization?

A
  1. Chemicals 2. Organelles 3. Cells 4. Tissues 5. Organs 6. Organ Systems 7. Organisms
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2
Q

How are Anatomy and Physiology related

A

Because Structure Determines Function

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3
Q

What is the study of Large Structures that are easily visible to the naked eye?

A

Gross (Macroscopic) Anatomy

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4
Q

What is the study of very small structures that can only be viewed with a microscope?

A

Microscopic Anatomy

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5
Q

What are the 2 Subdivisions of Microscopic Anatomy

A
  1. Histology (Study of Tissues) 2. Cytology (Study of Cells)
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6
Q

What is the study of structural changes that occur in the body throughout the life span?

A

Developmental Anatomy

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7
Q

What is the subdivision of Developmental Anatomy

A

Embryology

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8
Q

Higher levels of structure can do things lower levels cannot do is

A

Emergent Properties

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9
Q

Forms the external body covering and protects deeper tissues from injury. Chemically makes vitamin D and houses pain and pressure, receptors and sweat and oil glands

A

Integumentary System

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10
Q

As the fast-acting control system of the body, it responds to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands

A

Nervous System

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11
Q

Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrient use by cells

A

Endocrine System

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12
Q

Keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide. The gaseous exchanges occur through the walls of the air sacs of the lungs

A

Respiratory System

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13
Q

Production of offspring; Testicles produce sperm and male sex hormone, male ducts and glands aid in delivery of sperm to the female reproductive tract. Ovaries produce eggs and female sex hormones. The remaining female structures serves as sites for fertilization and development of the fetus. Mammary glands of female breasts produce milk to nourish the newborn.

A

Reproductive System

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14
Q

Breaks down food into absorbable nutrients that enter the blood for distribution to body cells. Indigestible foodstuffs eliminated as feces.

A

Digestive System

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15
Q

Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expressions. Maintains posture and produces heat.

A

Muscular System

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16
Q

Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body. Regulates water, electrolyte and acid base balance of the blood.

A

Urinary System

17
Q

Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood. Disposes of debris in the lympatic stream. Houses white blood cells involved in immunity. The immune response mounts the attack against foreign substances within the body.

A

Immune/ Lymphatic System

18
Q

Blood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes. The heart pumps blood.

A

Cardiovascular System

19
Q

Every organism must be protected from an external environment is

A

Maintain Boundaries

20
Q

Propel ourselves from one place to another; Also occurs when substances propelles through internal organs of our organ systems.

A

Movement

21
Q

What is the ability to sense changes in the environemt and then respond?

A

Responsiveness

22
Q

A type of metabolism that breaks things down

A

Catabolism

23
Q

What are the 8 Necessary Life Functions

A
  1. Maintaining boundaries 2. Movement 3. Responsiveness 4. Digestion 5. Metabolism 6. Excretion 7. Reproduction 8. Growth
24
Q

What are the 5 Survival Needs

A
  1. Nutrients 2. Oxygen 3. Water 4. Normal Body Temperature 5. Atmospheric Pressure
25
Q

Maintaining a stable internal environment within narrow limit, regardless of environmental changes

A

Homeostasis

26
Q

Responds to changes in the environment

A

Receptor

27
Q

Determines set point of body

A

Control Center

28
Q

Executes response for homeostasis

A

Effector

29
Q

This homeostasis mechanism shuts off the original stimulus or reduces its intensity

A

Negative Feedback

30
Q

This homeostasis mechansim increases the original stimulus to push the variable further away from the set point and occurs in blood clotting, birth of a baby, and sexual responses

A

Positive Feedback

Human Anatomy (8 decks)

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