Chemistry Flashcards
Characteristics of Matter
Mixtures –> Homogeneous (Solution) and Heterogenous (Mechanical)
Pure Substances –> Elements and Compounds
Physical Change
Substance remains same substance even though it may change state or form (dissolving, cutting, changing state)
Chemical Change
Original substance changed into one or more substances (colour change, gas/light produced, energy released/absorbed)
Ionic Bonding
Occurs between metals and non-metals where metals transfer electrons to non-metals
Molecular/Covalent Bonding
Occurs between two non-metals where pairs of electrons are shared
Diatomic Elements
Have No Fear Of Ice Cold Beer
H₂(g), N₂(g), F₂(g), O₂(g), I₂(s), Cl₂(g), Br₂(l)
Laws of Conservation of Mass
Total mass of reactants = total mass of products
Synthesis
A + B –> AB
Decomposition
AB –> A + B
Single Displacement
A + BC –> AC + B
Double Displacement
AB + CD –> AD + CB
Combustion
X + O₂(g) –> XO + energy
1. Lots of O₂
2. Burns quickly
3. Releases energy
4. Forms oxides
Exothermic Reactions
Has energy as a product (vessel gets warm)
Endothermic Reactions
Has energy as a reactant (vessel gets cold)
Acids
Molecular compounds that release hydrogen ions when dissolved in water
- Tastes sour, sticky, conducts electricity
- Reacts with metals and carbonates
